Provided are magnetic immunoparticles and use thereof, specifically, magnetic immunoparticles including a cell membrane capable of capturing a pathogenic material and magnetic particles attached to the cell membrane, a method of detecting pathogenic materials using the magnetic immunoparticles, and a method of diagnosing and treating an infectious disease using the magnetic immunoparticles. The magnetic immunoparticles according to an aspect may include cell membranes capable of capturing pathogenic materials, and thus may minimize side effects in vivo, and may detect various kinds of pathogenic materials due to characteristics of the cells from which the cell membranes are derived. Further, since the magnetic immunoparticles include magnetic particles, the magnetic immunoparticles may be easily separated by applying a magnetic field, and thus pathogenic materials may be more effectively detected and removed.

Nanoparticles, nanoparticle conjugates, devices for making nanoparticles and nanoparticle conjugates, and related methods of use and synthesis are described.

Provided herein are lipid vesicle-coated magnetic beads, and methods of making and using the same.

Apparatuses and methods of optically analyzing fluid within a pipette are described herein. In an embodiment, an optical reader subassembly includes a housing including an internal area, a container configured to hold a fluid sample at a sample position in a light tight manner within the internal area of the housing, a light source configured to project light onto the fluid sample within the container, and an optical sensor configured to move between different sensor positions while the fluid sample remains stationary at the sample position, the different sensor positions including at least two of: (i) a first sensor position for taking a luminescence reading of the fluid sample; (ii) a second sensor position for taking a dark current or other background measurement; and (iii) a third sensor position for taking a fluorescence reading of the fluid sample.

The present disclosure is directed towards characterizing liquids through the use of magnetic discs that rotate in response to dynamic magnetic fields. In some embodiments, a light beam is transmitted into the liquid while the magnetic discs rotate, and one or more parameters of a light beam signal associated with the transmitted light beam are identified. Various characteristics of the liquid may be detected based on the one or more parameters of the light beam signal.

Provided in the present invention are a magnetic nanosphere coated with modified cardiolipin, and manufacturing method thereof. The magnetic nanosphere coated with modified cardiolipin comprises a modified cardiolipin, a biotin derivative, and a streptavidin magnetic bead. The modified cardiolipin is coupled to the biotin derivative via an —NH—CO structure. The streptavidin magnetic bead is a magnetic nanosphere coupled to streptavidin, and the biotin derivative is coupled to the streptavidin.

The present invention aims to provide core-shell particles that can be used in a method of separating a substance to be separated and that allow obtainment of a highly purified product. Each of a plurality of core-shell particles (C) of the present invention includes a core layer (P) as magnetic silica particles containing the magnetic metal oxide particles (A) and a shell layer (Q) that is a silica layer on a surface of the core layer (P), an average thickness of a plurality of shell layers (Q) being 3 to 3000 nm, wherein a weight percentage of the magnetic metal oxide particles (A) in the core layer (P) is 60 to 95 wt % based on a weight of the core layer (P), and the plurality of core-shell particles (C) have a particle size distribution with a coefficient of variation of 50% or less.

Methods for producing engineered exosomes and other vesicle-like biological targets, including allowing a target vesicle-like structure to react and bind with immunomagnetic particles; capturing the immunomagnetic particle/vesicle complex by applying a magnetic field; further engineering the captured vesicles by surface modifying with additional active moieties or internally loading with active agents; and releasing the engineered vesicle-like structures, such as by photolytically cleaving a linkage between the particle and engineered vesicle-like structures, thereby releasing intact vesicle-like structures which can act as delivery vehicles for therapeutic treatments.

The invention includes a method of assaying an analyte in a sample in a portable, handheld microfluidic reader. The method includes the steps of: inserting the sample in the reader; capturing the analyte with a first antibody having a DNA tag attached thereto; capturing the analyte in the sample with a second antibody attached to a surface or having a magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) attached thereto; where a sandwich including the magnetic nanoparticle, first and second antibodies, the analyte and the DNA tag is formed; replicating the DNA tag using isothermal amplification to a predetermined amount of DNA tags detectable by a detector sufficient to overcome the minimal mass sensitivity limitations of the detector; and measuring the amount of replicated DNA tags using the detector. The invention also includes an apparatus or handheld portable field microfluidic reader in which the method is performed.

Provided herein are methods and systems for low-cost, low-equipment detection of pathogens in biological sample. In particular, provided herein is a low-cost method for detecting norovirus that provides reliable, visible test with femtomolar, attomolar, and zeptomolar detection limits and that uses materials suitable for deployment of the methods in the field.