The present disclosure relates generally to portable energy generation devices and methods. The devices are designed to covert formic acid into released hydrogen, alleviating the need for a hydrogen tank as a hydrogen source for fuel cell power. In particular, an electricity generation device for powering a battery comprising a formic acid reservoir containing a liquid consisting of formic acid; a reaction chamber capable of using a catalyst and heat to convert the formic acid to hydrogen and carbon dioxide; a fuel cell that generates electricity; a delivery system for moving converted hydrogen into the fuel cell; and a battery powered by electricity generated by the fuel cell is provided.

A redox flow battery system includes an anolyte; a catholyte; a first half-cell including a first electrode in contact with the anolyte; a second half-cell including a second electrode in contact with the catholyte; a separator separating the anolyte in the first half-cell from the catholyte in the second half-cell; at least one state measurement device configured for intermittently, periodically, or continuously making a measurement of a value indicative of a state of charge of the anolyte or the catholyte before entering or after leaving the first half-cell or second half-cell, respectively; and a controller coupled to the at least one state measurement device for generating a temporal energy profile of the anolyte or the catholyte, respectively, using the measurements.

A fuel cell electric vehicle and an electric vehicle, includes: a hydrogen tank that stores hydrogen and supplies the hydrogen to a fuel cell electric vehicle dispenser or a fuel cell stack pack; a fuel cell stack pack that operates in an electrolysis mode or a fuel cell mode; a battery pack that charges and stores DC power converted from AC power of a grid or power supplied from the fuel cell stack pack, and supplies the stored power to an electric vehicle dispenser; and a control unit that controls power transfer between the fuel cell stack pack and the battery pack and determines a driving mode of the fuel cell stack pack.

A method for increasing safety in the surroundings of an electric vehicle having a fuel cell system and batteries, wherein the vehicle is configured for charging the batteries by power from the fuel cell system and e.g. produces CO2 during this operation, even when the vehicle is turned-off and in a parked situation, wherein the method includes the steps of providing a sensor system having a gas intake and configured for warning against elevated CO2 levels in the surroundings of the vehicle, mounting the sensor system on the vehicle with the gas intake outside the vehicle's cabin, providing an alarm when the sensor system evaluates that the CO2 levels in the surroundings of the vehicle are elevated and surpass a predetermined threshold level.

The application provides a high energy density fuel cell apparatus and system with at least one hydride-based hydrogen generator. The system includes an array of fuel cells that are arranged either in parallel or series. The system also includes a water storage vessel, which has a single stage hydrolysis reaction zone for hydrolyzing magnesium hydride. The hydrolysis reaction mechanism is based on the exothermic MgH2 hydrolysis reaction pathway. The system further includes a reactor vessel, a water pump disposed between the water storage vessel and the reactor vessel, and a check valve disposed in a discharge line connecting the water pump to the reactor vessel. The hydride-based hydrogen generators (single or multiples) are arranged either in parallel or series. The fuel cells, the water storage vessel and the reactor vessel are in fluid communication. Furthermore, the discharge line comprises a tubing with a predetermined rupture pressure range.

The present invention relates to a flow field plate for a solid state compressor cell, including an essentially flat body, having two opposite surfaces and an edge, provided with a channel plan for gas distribution, that extends from multiple locations at a border of the field plate to multiple locations at the surface of the essentially flat body wherein the essentially flat body is provided with recesses at both sides, the recesses at each side including a first set of parallel lanes, crossing a second set of parallel lanes.

An electrical energy recovery, storage, and distribution system that may be used in a vehicle. The system may include a supercapacitor configured to quickly store large amounts of energy. The system may also include multiple circuits operating at different voltage levels, such that an output voltage from the supercapacitor is useful over a larger voltage range and the system is more energy efficient.

One embodiment is a redox flow battery system that includes an anolyte; a catholyte; an anolyte tank configured for holding at least a portion of the anolyte; a catholyte tank configured for holding at least a portion of the catholyte; a primary redox flow battery arrangement, and a second redox flow battery arrangement. The primary and secondary redox flow battery arrangements share the anolyte and catholyte tanks and each includes a first half-cell including a first electrode in contact with the anolyte, a second half-cell including a second electrode in contact with the catholyte, a separator separating the first half-cell from the second half-cell, an anolyte pump, and a catholyte pump. The peak power delivery capacity of the secondary redox flow battery arrangement is less than the peak power delivery capacity of the primary redox flow battery arrangement.

Mouth guard that includes a flexible printed circuit board encapsulated within a base member is provided. The flexible printed circuit board includes multiple separate stiff sections spaced apart from each other within the base member. One or more electronic devices are disposed within the base member. In particular, the one or more electronics are disposed on the base member.

An energy management system for an aircraft, wherein the energy management system comprises a fuel cell configured to convert chemical energy into electric energy, at least one energy source configured to provide electric energy, at least one electrical load, an electric bus electrically coupled to the fuel cell, the at least one energy source, and the at least one electrical load, and a controller configured to control the at least one electrical load in such a manner that a minimum load to the fuel cell is ensured. Furthermore, an aircraft comprises such energy management system. A method for managing energy in a system comprises electrically coupling a fuel cell, at least one energy source, and at least one electrical load by an electric bus, and controlling at least one electrical load in such a manner that a minimum load to the fuel cell is ensured.