Provided are a transmission line module for a rotary traveling wave oscillator (RTWO) and a design method thereof. The transmission line module includes a substrate. The upper surface of the substrate is provided with a grounding metal layer, that is, a metal ground. The metal ground is provided with a rectangular groove. The rectangular groove penetrates front and rear sides of the metal ground along a length direction of the rectangular groove. The thickness of the rectangular groove is the same as the thickness of the metal ground. The rectangular groove is filled with a silicon dielectric plate that has the same shape and size as the rectangular groove. The upper surface of the silicon dielectric plate is provided with two parallel transmission lines along the length direction of the rectangular groove.

An apparatus and method for building and operating of a YIG-based filter-attenuator module with closed-loop control. The module combines both signal filtering and amplitude control functions by utilizing an yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) resonator. A technique for a closed-loop calibration and control also disclosed. This apparatus and method provides a cost effective harmonic rejection/amplitude control solution for microwave test-and-measurement instruments such as signal generators and spectrum analyzers.

A transformer based voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is provided with a primary resonant circuit having a first inductor connected in parallel with a variable first capacitance circuit. A secondary resonant circuit is formed from a second inductor connected in parallel with a variable second capacitance circuit, and also includes a mode control circuit. The mode control circuit controls the direction of current flow through the secondary resonant circuit inductor. The first and second inductors are inductively mutually coupled in either an even mode or an odd mode in response to the mode control circuit. The VCO supplies a first resonant frequency in response to even mode operation, or a second resonant frequency, greater than the first resonant frequency, responsive to odd mode operation. The VCO may include a first electrically tunable varactor shunted across the first capacitance circuit and a second electrically tunable varactor shunted across the second capacitance circuit.

Apparatus and methods for rotary traveling wave oscillators (RTWOs) are disclosed. In certain embodiments, an RTWO system include an RTWO ring that carries a traveling wave, a plurality of selectable capacitors distributed around the RTWO ring and each operable in a selected state and an unselected state, and a decoder system that controls selection of the plurality of selectable capacitors based on a frequency tuning code. The frequency tuning code includes a fine tuning code and a coarse tuning code, and the decoder system is operable to maintain a constant number of capacitors that toggle state for each value of the fine tuning code.

A device for signal generation including a unit cell. The unit cell contains two oscillators that are coupled in phase. Each oscillator operates at a fundamental frequency. Each oscillator further includes a slot structure, and the slot structures serve as, at a third harmonic of the fundamental frequency, a slot antenna radiating a third harmonic power. If the device contains multiple unit cell, then each unit cell is horizontally coupled out-of-phase and vertically in-phase with adjacent cells at the fundamental frequency in the device. Therefore, coherent radiation and power combining are achieved at the third harmonic.

The present disclosure relates to an oscillator apparatus comprising a differential transmission line forming a closed loop, a plurality of active core components that are electrically connected to the differential transmission line and that are configured to compensate for loss in the differential transmission line, a plurality of tuning elements that are electrically coupled with the differential transmission line, and a processor configured to control each tuning element of the plurality of tuning elements to activate or deactivate such that an effective electrical length of the differential transmission line is changed.

A dual-resonator YIG oscillator with a main YIG resonator and a stabilizing YIG resonator both suspended in a common magnetic field. The main YIG resonator takes on the high-Q factor aspects of the oscillator, while the stabilizing YIG resonator helps stabilize the operation of the main YIG resonator, and also allows the main YIG resonator operate at higher magnetic field strengths, achieving higher frequency operation. The stabilizing YIG resonator also enables the oscillator's active device to operate in a more linear, lower phase noise, regime. As compared to conventional YIG oscillators, the disclosed dual resonator YIG oscillator provides significant performance improvements, such as higher frequency operation, lower power consumption, higher tuning speed, and lower phase noise.

A dual-resonator YIG oscillator with a main YIG resonator and a stabilizing YIG resonator both suspended in a common magnetic field. The main YIG resonator takes on the high-Q factor aspects of the oscillator, while the stabilizing YIG resonator helps stabilize the operation of the main YIG resonator, and also allows the main YIG resonator operate at higher magnetic field strengths, achieving higher frequency operation. The stabilizing YIG resonator also enables the oscillator's active device to operate in a more linear, lower phase noise, regime. As compared to conventional YIG oscillators, the disclosed dual resonator YIG oscillator provides significant performance improvements, such as higher frequency operation, lower power consumption, higher tuning speed, and lower phase noise.

There is disclosed herein clock generation circuitry, in particular rotary travelling wave oscillator circuitry. Such circuitry comprises a pair of signal lines connected together to form a dosed loop and arranged such that they define at least one transition section where both said lines in a first portion of the pair cross from one lateral side of both said lines in a second portion of the pair to the other lateral side of both said lines in the second portion of the pair.

Frequency synthesizers having reduced phase noise and a small step size. One example can provide frequency synthesizers having low phase noise by eliminating dividers in a feedback path and instead employing frequency converters, such as mixers. Step size can be further reduced by providing frequency converters in a reference signal feedforward path. Acquisition time can be decreased by employing a fast-acquisition phase-locked loop that is switched out after acquisition in favor of a low phase-noise phase-locked loop. Another example can reduce phase noise by employing a YIG oscillator. To improve acquisition time, a first, faster phase-locked loop can be used to lock to a signal before switching to a second, slower phase-locked loop that includes the YIG oscillator. Another example can provide low noise by including phase-locked loops that operate in a frequency range having low thermal noise while a frequency of an output signal varies over a wide range.