Disclosed methods include formulating azobenzene-based polymer networks to induce a modulus change in a highly crosslinked polymer, in vivo, with no external heat requirement and using a benign light as the source of stimuli. A modulus change can be achieved via a coating on the substrate and within the bulk of the substrate via photoexposure. The azobenzene-based polymer network can be formed as a coating or in the bulk of a material from either a glassy composition comprising methyl methacrylate (MMA), poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) or a soft material comprising of long-chain difunctional acrylates. The disclosed technology also includes methods of biofilm disruption and removal from the surface of a substrate, and includes methods of inhibiting biofilm growth and cell attachment to a substrate.

Methods of treating a fungal infection in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising one or more antifungal peptides selected from the group consisting of BmKn2, dBmKn2, Kn2-7, and dKn2-7 are described. Antifungal pharmaceutical compositions and dosage forms, including field-deployable dosage forms, comprising one or more of these antifungal peptides are also described.

Methods of treating a fungal infection in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising one or more antifungal peptides selected from the group consisting of BmKn2, dBmKn2, Kn2-7, and dKn2-7 are described. Antifungal pharmaceutical compositions and dosage forms, including field-deployable dosage forms, comprising one or more of these antifungal peptides are also described.

A hemostatic material is described, which eliminates the risks of conventional chitosan-derived products, such as the onset of shellfish allergy and endotoxin contamination, can be used safely for more people, and has an antibacterial property and a hemostatic function that widely-used hydrogels lack, and a wound dressing containing the same. A hemostatic material containing cationized cellulose and a wound dressing containing the hemostatic are described. At least one of hydroxyl groups of the cationized cellulose is modified with —R.sup.2—N.sup.+(R.sup.3)(R.sup.4)(R.sup.5)X.sup.−, other hydroxyl groups of the cationized cellulose have —H, or —(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.m—H, R.sup.2 represents C.sub.1-6 alkylene, C.sub.2-6 hydroxyalkylene, —(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.1—, or a combination thereof, 1 represents 1 or 2, m represents 1 or 2, and X.sup.− may represent an anionic group.

A wound dressing material comprises first and second wound-contact scrims, and an antimicrobial layer disposed therebetween. The wound-contact scrims comprise water-sensitive fibers comprising a copolymer comprising divalent hydroxyethylene monomer units and divalent dihydroxybutylene monomer units. The wound dressing material may be contacted with an exposed surface of a wound. A method of making the wound dressing material is also disclosed.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a violacein-polymer composite nanofibrous antimicrobial membrane and a method for manufacturing same, wherein the membrane comprises violacein having antimicrobial efficacy against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) caused by resistance to antibiotics and is formed such that one-dimensional nanofibers are three-dimensionally entangled, and can be used as an antimicrobial membrane for preventing and treating MRSA infections. Specifically, a solution in which violacein is uniformly mixed is prepared by dissolving a large amount of violacein in a solution with a polymer dissolved therein, and the solution is subjected to an electrospinning process to synthesize a nanofibrous membrane in which violacein is uniformly included inside/outside nanofibers without agglomeration. Thus, this is different from existing methods for applying a material to the surface of fibers.

A surface is covered with microstructures that extend from the surface, and are made of a resilient material that allows the microstructures to bend or articulate. The microstructures are generally columnar and can have fingers on their distal or top end that is opposite the base from which the microstructures extend. In addition to the ordinary roughness presented by the microstructures, the articulation further discourages biofouling and bioadherence. The articulation of the microstructures can be oriented, and the orientations can be mixed or varied among the microstructures so that adjacent ones of the microstructures have different orientations of articulation.

A surface is covered with microstructures that extend from the surface, and are made of a resilient material that allows the microstructures to bend or articulate. The microstructures are generally columnar and can have fingers on their distal or top end that is opposite the base from which the microstructures extend. In addition to the ordinary roughness presented by the microstructures, the articulation further discourages biofouling and bioadherence. The articulation of the microstructures can be oriented, and the orientations can be mixed or varied among the microstructures so that adjacent ones of the microstructures have different orientations of articulation.

A wound dressing containing a multi-ply knit fabric, where the fabric contains a first and a second knit ply. The first knit ply contains a plurality of first yarns and forms the upper surface of the fabric. The second knit ply contains a plurality of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) yarns, where the PTFE yarns have a transmission in the IR region of 8-10 μm at least about 40%, and a thermal conductivity of at least about 0.2 W/(m.Math.K) forms the lower surface of the fabric. The first ply and the second ply are integrated through combined portions formed by interlacing first yarns among the PTFE yarns of the second knit ply, interlacing PTFE yarns among the first yarns of the first knit ply, or interlacing a plurality of third yarns among the first yarns and the PTFE. The multi-ply knit fabric also contains a composition containing at least one silver ion-containing compound.

A fragrance composition for use with a sanitary or incontinence article in the treatment of malodour caused by or associated with human body fluids, wherein said composition has an odour that is reminiscent of the odour of the article, as such, or the odour of the packaging material for said article, as such.