The technology of this application relates to a packet processing method, a gateway device, and a storage system, and belongs to the field of storage technologies. In this disclosure, a request for accessing a non-volatile memory express (NVMe) node is converted into a request for accessing a remote direct memory access (RDMA) node. Because a storage medium of the NVMe node is a hard disk, and a storage medium of the RDMA node is a memory, the memory can provide a faster read/write speed than the hard disk. Therefore, storage performance is improved. In addition, this helps a conventional NVMe over fabrics (NOF) storage system expand an RDMA memory pool, and improves flexibility of networking and capacity expansion of the storage system.

The technology of this application relates to a packet processing method, a gateway device, and a storage system, and belongs to the field of storage technologies. In this disclosure, a request for accessing a non-volatile memory express (NVMe) node is converted into a request for accessing a remote direct memory access (RDMA) node. Because a storage medium of the NVMe node is a hard disk, and a storage medium of the RDMA node is a memory, the memory can provide a faster read/write speed than the hard disk. Therefore, storage performance is improved. In addition, this helps a conventional NVMe over fabrics (NOF) storage system expand an RDMA memory pool, and improves flexibility of networking and capacity expansion of the storage system.

A downstream element in a pipeline processing a network flow receives a first request and executes an indexing function to compute an index into a control block for storing state information associated with the data packet. The downstream element transmits a request to an upstream element to include the index as a tag in one or more subsequent data packets that comprises the plurality of network fields and the associated values. Subsequent data packet may be received at the downstream element with the tag having the index information. The downstream element may process the subsequent data packet based on the tag without having to execute the indexing function on the subsequent data packet.

Aspects of the disclosure provide an apparatus having a processing circuit and a transceiver. The processing circuit is configured to generate a frame to have an extended subtype under a control type, configure a media access control (MAC) header of the frame to indicate an extended control frame format, and configure a field of the frame to be an extended subtype field according to the extended control frame format to carry an identification for the extended subtype. The extended subtype is defined in addition to a plurality of subtypes that are identifiable using a subtype field in the frame according to a control frame format. The transceiver is configured to transmit signals to carry the frame.

Methods, systems and devices for network congestion control exploit the inherent burstiness of network traffic, using a wave-based characterization of network traffic and corresponding multiplexing methods and approaches.

The present disclosure provides a fronthaul message processing method, including: determining a type keyword of a fronthaul message according to a type of a transport layer for transmitting the fronthaul message; determining a type of the fronthaul message according to the type keyword; determining a position of service data carried by the fronthaul message according to the type of the fronthaul message; and extracting and processing the service data according to the position of the service data. The present disclosure further provides a fronthaul message processing apparatus, a fronthaul interface, a communication device, and a computer-readable storage medium.

The present disclosure provides a fronthaul message processing method, including: determining a type keyword of a fronthaul message according to a type of a transport layer for transmitting the fronthaul message; determining a type of the fronthaul message according to the type keyword; determining a position of service data carried by the fronthaul message according to the type of the fronthaul message; and extracting and processing the service data according to the position of the service data. The present disclosure further provides a fronthaul message processing apparatus, a fronthaul interface, a communication device, and a computer-readable storage medium.

A method for creating a normalized binary specification model may include receiving one or more existing binary information documents describing at least one of a binary communication protocol, a binary data storage format, or a binary data processing architecture; discerning relevant binary information items from within the one or more corresponding binary information documents; converting the relevant binary information items into normalized binary components; generating identifiers and assigning a respective identifier to each of the normalized binary components to produce identified normalized binary components; and creating a respective ordered list for each of the normalized binary components.

A method for creating a normalized binary specification model may include receiving one or more existing binary information documents describing at least one of a binary communication protocol, a binary data storage format, or a binary data processing architecture; discerning relevant binary information items from within the one or more corresponding binary information documents; converting the relevant binary information items into normalized binary components; generating identifiers and assigning a respective identifier to each of the normalized binary components to produce identified normalized binary components; and creating a respective ordered list for each of the normalized binary components.

A method for transmitting data from a first sub-system to a second sub-system includes the steps of providing a dataset by the first sub-system, the dataset having a data structure identifier and a data value; sending the dataset to the second sub-system; receiving the dataset by the second sub-system; checking whether complete assignment information regarding the data structure assigned to the data structure identifier is present in the second sub-system; recovering any missing assignment information from a communication broker in the event that the second sub-system does not contain complete assignment information; and determining the data structure on the basis of the data structure identifier and the assignment information. A corresponding system, a corresponding first sub-system, a corresponding second sub-system and a communication broker are also proposed.