A semiconductor device includes a first substrate; circuit elements on the first substrate; lower interconnection lines electrically connected to the circuit elements; a second substrate on the lower interconnection lines; gate electrodes spaced apart from each other and stacked on the second substrate in a first direction that is perpendicular to an upper surface of the second substrate; channel structures penetrating through the gate electrodes, extending in the first direction, and respectively including a channel layer; through-vias extending in the first direction and electrically connecting at least one of the gate electrodes or the channel structures to the circuit elements; an insulating region surrounding side surfaces of through-vias; and a via pad between the through-vias and at least one of the lower interconnection lines in the first direction and spaced apart from the second substrate in a second direction, parallel to an upper surface of the second substrate.

According to one embodiment, a semiconductor memory device includes a substrate, insulating members, first conductive layers, first pillars, and second pillars. The substrate includes a first area, a second area, block regions, and a first dummy block region. The insulating members are arranged at respective boundary portions of the block regions and the first dummy block region. The first conductive layers are partitioned by the insulating members. The first pillars penetrates the first conductive layers in a region where the first area and the block regions overlap. The second pillars penetrates at least one of the first conductive layers in a region where the first area and the first dummy block region overlap.

A three-dimensional memory device includes alternating stacks of insulating layers and electrically conductive layers, and memory stack structures vertically extending through a respective one of the alternating stacks and located within the first memory array region and the second memory array region. An inter-array region containing lower and upper staircases is located between the first and the second memory array regions. The first memory array region may have a greater length than the second memory array region, or the lower staircase may generally ascend in an opposite direction from the upper staircase.

A three-dimensional memory device includes a first three-dimensional memory plane including first alternating stacks of first insulating layers and first word lines, and first bit lines electrically connected first vertical semiconductor channels, and a second three-dimensional memory plane including second alternating stacks of second insulating layers and second word lines and second bit lines electrically connected to second vertical channels. An inter-array backside trench laterally extend between the first three-dimensional memory plane and the second three-dimensional memory plane, and filled with an inter-array backside insulating material portion that provides electrical isolation between the three-dimensional memory planes.

A three-dimensional memory device includes a first three-dimensional memory plane including first alternating stacks of first insulating layers and first word lines, and first bit lines electrically connected first vertical semiconductor channels, and a second three-dimensional memory plane including second alternating stacks of second insulating layers and second word lines and second bit lines electrically connected to second vertical channels. An inter-array backside trench laterally extend between the first three-dimensional memory plane and the second three-dimensional memory plane, and filled with an inter-array backside insulating material portion that provides electrical isolation between the three-dimensional memory planes.

Embodiments of 3D memory devices having staircase structures and methods for forming the same are disclosed. In an example, a 3D memory device includes a memory array structure and a staircase structure in an intermediate of the memory array structure and laterally dividing the memory array structure into a first memory array structure and a second memory array structure. The staircase structure includes a first staircase zone and a bridge structure connecting the first and second memory array structures. The bridge structure includes a lower wall portion and an upper staircase portion. The first staircase zone includes a first pair of staircases facing each other in a first lateral direction and at different depths. Each staircase includes stairs. At least one stair in the first pair of staircases is electrically connected to at least one of the first memory array structure and the second memory array structure through the bridge structure.

Disclosed are a photomask, an exposure apparatus, and a method of fabricating a three-dimensional semiconductor memory device using the same. The photomask may include a mask substrate, a first mask pattern on the mask substrate, and an optical path modulation substrate. The optical path modulation substrate may include a first region on a portion of the first mask pattern, and a second region on another portion of the first mask pattern. The second region has a thickness that is less than a thickness of the first region.

A microelectronic device comprises a stack structure comprising blocks separated from one another by dielectric slot structures. At least one of the blocks comprises two crest regions, a stadium structure interposed between the two crest regions in a first horizontal direction, and two bridge regions neighboring opposing sides of the stadium structure in a second horizontal direction. A filled trench vertically overlies and is within horizontal boundaries of the stadium structure of the at least one of the blocks. The filled trench comprises a dielectric liner material on the opposing staircase structures of the stadium structure and on inner sidewalls of the two bridge regions, and dielectric structures on and having a different material composition than the dielectric liner material. The dielectric structures are substantially confined within horizontal areas of the steps of the stadium structure. Memory devices, electronic systems, and methods of forming microelectronic devices are also described.

An embodiment of an apparatus may include a substrate, a memory array of vertical 3D NAND strings formed in the substrate, a staircase region formed in the substrate, a polysilicon wordline extended horizontally on a step of the staircase region, a wordline contact extended vertically through the staircase region to make electrical contact with the polysilicon wordline, and an etch stop material formed around the wordline contact and on the polysilicon wordline, where the etch stop material extends to an outside corner of the step, the etch stop material is absent from a sidewall of the step, and the etch stop material is undercut at the outside corner of the step. Other embodiments are disclosed and claimed.

A microelectronic device includes a stack structure including a vertically alternating sequence of conductive structures and insulating structures arranged in tiers, a dielectric-filled opening vertically extending into the stack structure and defined between two internal sidewalls of the stack structure, a stadium structure within the stack structure and comprising steps defined by horizontal ends of at least some of the tiers, a first ledge extending upward from a first uppermost step of the steps of the stadium structure and interfacing with a first internal sidewall of the two internal sidewalls of the stack structure, and a second ledge extending upward from a second, opposite uppermost step of the steps of the stadium structure and interfacing with a second, opposite internal sidewall of the two internal sidewalls.