A photomultiplier includes a housing including a proximal end and a distal end, an optical window disposed at the proximal end of the housing, an end-wall plate disposed at the distal end of the housing, a feedthrough that penetrates through the end-wall plate, and a gas electron multiplier (GEM) board disposed between the optical window and the end-wall plate.

An electron multiplier apparatus of the type used in ion detectors, and modifications thereto for extending the operational lifetime or otherwise improving performance. The electron multiplier includes a series of discrete electron emissive surfaces configured to provide an electron amplification chain, the electron multiplier being configured so as to inhibit or prevent a contaminant from entering into, or passing partially through, or passing completely through the electron multiplier. The electron multiplier may include one or more baffles configured. so as to decrease vacuum conductance of the electron multiplier compared to the same or similar electron multiplier not having one or more baffles.

An electron multiplier apparatus of the type used in ion detectors, and modifications thereto for extending the operational lifetime or otherwise improving performance. The electron multiplier includes a series of discrete electron emissive surfaces configured to provide an electron amplification chain, the electron multiplier being configured so as to inhibit or prevent a contaminant from entering into, or passing partially through, or passing completely through the electron multiplier. The electron multiplier may include one or more baffles configured. so as to decrease vacuum conductance of the electron multiplier compared to the same or similar electron multiplier not having one or more baffles.

Hermetically sealed electronic devices and methods for fabricating the hermetically sealed electronic devices are provided. The devices include a solder sealed vacuum housing. The solder seal is formed using a solder wick having an external solder reservoir. When the reservoir is filled with molten solder, the solder is drawn via capillary action into a precisely defined narrow gap between two components of the housing where it forms an airtight and vacuum-tight seal.

Systems and methods for partial discharge reduction are provided. The systems and methods can receive an input voltage at a high voltage sensor configured within a sealed sensor assembly. The input voltage can be received via a discharge reduction of the sealed sensor assembly. The discharge reduction circuit can reduce an incidence of discharge associated with an ionization breakdown of an air gap between an output circuit of the sealed sensor assembly and an insulator conveying the output circuit through a hermetic barrier of the sealed sensor assembly.

An MCP assembly of this embodiment is provided with an MCP unit and a flexible sheet electrode having a structure for facilitating handling thereof as a single body. The flexible sheet electrode is constituted by a mesh area provided with plural openings and a deformation suppressing portion surrounding the mesh area. Both the mesh area and the deformation suppressing portion are comprised of the same conductive material, and physical strength of the deformation suppressing portion is higher than that of the mesh area. With this configuration, the physical strength of an entire flexible sheet electrode is secured even if an opening ratio of the mesh area is increased, so that the handling of the flexible sheet electrode as a single body is facilitated.

The electron tube includes a vacuum container having a light transmitting substrate, a photocathode provided on an inner surface of the light transmitting substrate, an anode provided in the vacuum container, and a prism. The prism includes a bottom surface bonded to an outer surface of the light transmitting substrate, a light incident surface, and a light reflecting surface configured to further reflect light, which is incident to the photocathode through the prism and the light transmitting substrate and reflected at an interface between the photocathode and the vacuum space, so that the light is re-enter the photocathode. The light reflecting surface has an outwardly convex curved surface shape. The light incident surface is located inward of an imaginary spherical surface that is along the light reflecting surface.

An electron tube includes a housing having a window having an electromagnetic wave transmitting property, an electron emission plate disposed inside the housing, the electron emission plate emitting electrons, and a holding member disposed inside the housing and configured to hold the electron emission plate and to apply a voltage to the electron emission plate. The electron emission plate has a first main surface and a second main surface facing each other. The holding member has a base portion being in contact with the first main surface, and a plurality of electron emission plate biasing portions which are in contact with an edge of the second main surface and are configured to elastically bias the electron emission plate to the base portion. The holding member is electrically connected to the second main surface through the plurality of electron emission plate biasing portions.

An electron tube includes a housing having a window having an electromagnetic wave transmitting property, an electron emission plate disposed inside the housing, the electron emission plate emitting electrons, and a holding member disposed inside the housing and configured to hold the electron emission plate and to apply a voltage to the electron emission plate. The electron emission plate has a first main surface and a second main surface facing each other. The holding member has a base portion being in contact with the first main surface, and a plurality of electron emission plate biasing portions which are in contact with an edge of the second main surface and are configured to elastically bias the electron emission plate to the base portion. The holding member is electrically connected to the second main surface through the plurality of electron emission plate biasing portions.

A night vision system, a microchannel plate (MCP), and a planetary deposition system and methodology are provided for selectively depositing an electrode contact metal on one side of MCP channel openings. One or more MCPs can be releasably secured to a face of a platter that rotates about its central platter axis. The rotating platter can be tilted on a rotating ring fixture surrounding an evaporative source of contact metal. Therefore, the rotating platter further rotates so that it orbits around the evaporative source of contact metal. A mask with a variable size mask opening is arranged between the rotating platter and the evaporative source. While the mask orbits around the evaporative source with the rotating platter, the mask does not rotate along its own axis as does the rotating platter.