Disclosed are a cathode electrode material and a preparation method and application thereof. A general formula thereof is Li.sub.aNi.sub.1-x-y-zCo.sub.xMn.sub.yAl.sub.zM.sub.bO.sub.2, herein 1.04a1.08, 0.04x0.08, 0.025y0.06, 0.03z0.09, 0.015b0.06, and M is B and at least one selected from Zr, Al, Ti, Mg, Na, Ca, Nb, Ba, Si, P, W, and Sr. Compared with an existing nickel-cobalt-manganese-aluminum cathode electrode material, the cathode electrode material is doped with an M ion. Through the doping of the M ion, the content of a divalent nickel ion may be reduced, thereby the amount of the nickel ions that transit from a crystal plane (003) to a crystal plane (104) is reduced, and the degree of lithium-nickel mixing is reduced, so that the crystal structure of the cathode electrode material is stabilized, thereby the cycle retention rate and thermal stability of the material are improved, as to prolong service life of the material and improve the safety thereof.

A battery including an anode, a cathode, a separator, and a liquid electrolyte including a lithium salt, a non-aqueous solvent, and an additive compound including a functionalized matrix having a polymer or copolymer or silica. The cathode material can be an NMC or LCO material. The electrode formed from the cathode or anode material can include a matrix additive. The matrix additive can be adhered to the separator or other inert component of the battery.

A negative electrode and a lithium battery including the same are provided. The negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector, and a negative electrode active material layer provided on the negative electrode current collector. The negative electrode active material layer includes a negative electrode active material, a binder, and a carbon-based conductive material. The negative electrode active material includes a metal-based negative electrode active material, the binder includes an acrylic-based binder, and the carbon-based conductive material includes a fibrous carbon-based conductive material. The acrylic-based binder includes monomers having carboxyl, cyano, alkylene oxide, and/or sulfonic acid functionalities and at least a portion of the carboxyl groups are metal (e.g., lithium) carboxylate salts. Volume changes of the negative electrode material during charging/discharging may be suppressed or reduced and the capacity and lifespan characteristics of the lithium battery may be improved.

A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, wherein a negative electrode includes a negative electrode mixture layer having a thickness T and a negative electrode current collector, the negative electrode active material includes carbon and Si-containing materials, wherein when the negative electrode mixture layer is divided into a first region having a thickness of T/2 on the surface side of the negative electrode and a second region having a thickness of T/2 on the negative electrode collector side, a mass ratio of the first to the second composite material contained in the first region is >1, a mass ratio of the first composite to the second composite material contained in the second region is <1, and, in a fully charged condition, an open circuit potential of the negative electrode is 0 V or more and 70 mV or less with respect to a lithium metal.

An active material has a favorable capacity property. The active material is to be used for a fluoride ion battery, the active material including a crystal phase having a perovskite structure, and represented by ABO.sub.3 or a fluoride of the ABO.sub.3, in which the A and the B are different metal elements; the A includes at least one kind of a metal element belonging to Group 2 and Group 3 in the periodic table; and the B includes at least one kind of a transition metal element belonging to Period 4 to Period 6 in the periodic table.

Provided is an electrode for a secondary cell capable of obtaining excellent output values and input values when used in the secondary cell. The electrode for a secondary cell is formed of an electrode mixture layer molded body formed of an active material and at least one of a carbon nanotube and a three-dimensional carbon nanotube fiber bundle skeleton formed of a plurality of carbon nanotubes that intersect one another to form an aggregation, which are in intimate contact with the surface of the active material; and a current collector layered on the electrode mixture layer molded body. The electrode mixture layer molded body includes a first roughened surface, and the current collector includes a second roughened surface. The first roughened surface of the electrode mixture layer molded body and the second roughened surface of the current collector are pressed and attached to each other.

A method for making a sulfur-graphene composite material is provided. In the method, an elemental sulfur solution and a graphene dispersion are provided. The elemental sulfur solution includes a first solvent and an elemental sulfur dissolved in the first solvent. The graphene dispersion includes a second solvent and graphene sheets dispersed in the second solvent. The elemental sulfur solution is added to the graphene dispersion, a number of elemental sulfur particles are precipitated and attracted to a surface of the graphene sheets to form the sulfur-graphene composite material. The sulfur-graphene composite material is separated from the mixture.

A battery including an anode, a cathode, a separator, and a liquid electrolyte including a lithium salt, a non-aqueous solvent, and an additive compound including a functionalized matrix having a polymer or copolymer or silica. The cathode material can be an NMC or LCO material. The electrode formed from the cathode or anode material can include a matrix additive. The matrix additive can be adhered to the separator or other inert component of the battery.

A regeneration method of an all-solid-state battery includes a step of preparing an all-solid-state battery having a cathode that does not contain copper, and a step of executing overdischarge control of the all-solid-state battery. The overdischarge control is control of mitigating reaction variance that is variance in electrode reaction due to charging and discharging of the all-solid-state battery, by discharging the all-solid-state battery until a potential of the cathode becomes lower than an elution potential of copper.

Provided is a secondary battery including an electrode assembly and an electrolyte enclosed in an exterior case. The electrode assembly includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The secondary battery includes a spacer positioned between the electrode assembly and an exterior case, and the electrode assembly includes current collecting tabs of a positive electrode and a negative electrode each protruding from the same end face. The spacer is positioned between an end face, of the electrode assembly, from which the current collecting tab protrudes and the exterior case, and at least one of the current collecting tabs of the positive electrode or the negative electrode has a bent shape between the electrode assembly and the spacer.