An optical amplifier device employing a Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) that reduces the amount of residual pump power in the optical output of the amplifier is disclosed. The MZI amplifier employs two geometrically linear optical amplifier arms or two multi-spatial-mode racetrack optical amplifiers to amplify a signal with a pumping beam, with the signal output port having extremely low levels of residual pump power. The MZI optical amplifier is a silicon photonic integrated circuit, with all optical amplifiers, couplers, phase shifters, and optical attenuators formed of silicon photonic integrated circuit elements. The MZI optical amplifier may include one, two, or three MZI stages, and multiple MZI optical amplifiers may be used in parallel or sequentially to achieve higher overall signal gain or power. The MZI optical amplifier may employ Brillouin-scattering-based amplifiers, Raman-based integrated waveguide optical amplifiers, or Erbium-doped integrated waveguide optical amplifiers.

There are provided high power, high brightness solid-state laser systems that maintain initial beam properties, including power levels, and do not have degradation of performance or beam quality, for at least 10,000 hours of operation. There are provided high power, high brightness solid-state laser systems containing Oxygen in their internal environments and which are free from siloxanes.

An optical combiner includes: first optical input portions each including a first optical input waveguide; and an optical output portion to which the first optical input portions are connected and that includes a first core that allows light to propagate therethrough, and a cladding layer disposed outside of the first core and that has a refractive index lower than a refractive index of the first core. The first optical input portions are connected to a connection end face of the optical output portion such that the first optical input waveguide of at least one of the first optical input portions is optically coupled to the first core of the optical output portion.

There is provided a low-cost lighting optical system not requiring the refractive element for each laser chip.

A lighting optical system includes: a light source including a plurality of multi-emitter laser chips arrayed in a first direction that intersects a light output direction, the plurality of multi-emitter laser chips each having a first emitter outputting first emitter light and a second emitter outputting second emitter light; a plurality of convex lenses each having a center between the first emitter and the second emitter of each of the multi-emitter laser chips, the plurality of convex lenses each arranged in close proximity to a corresponding one of the multi-emitter laser chips; and a first refractive element arranged on light output direction side with respect to the plurality of convex lenses, the first refractive element having a first surface receiving two or more first emitter lights output from the plurality of multi-emitter laser chips and a second surface receiving two or more second emitter lights output from the plurality of multi-emitter laser chips, the first refractive element turning the first emitter lights and the second emitter lights into approximately parallel lights.

A wiring board includes: an insulating member having a first upper surface, and a second upper surface located higher than the first upper surface; and a first wiring layer located on the first upper surface. The first upper surface has a wiring region that does not overlap with the second upper surface in a top view, and that is located in an exposed region. The first wiring layer extends from the wiring region to a connecting region that is connected to the wiring region, that overlaps with the second upper surface in a top view, and that is not exposed. The first wiring layer comprises a first pad portion located in the wiring region, and a first pattern portion located in the connecting region.

A laser ablation apparatus includes: a laser beam generator including beam sources for generating laser beams, the laser beam generator using a solid-state laser; an output beam generator for generating an output beam using the laser beams; and a substrate stage including at least one stage on which a carrier substrate formed on the front of a panel substrate is disposed. The output beam generator may include: mixers for generating mixed laser beams having two linear-polarizations orthogonal to each other by mixing the laser beams; and a photo molding machine for generating the output beam using the mixed laser beams.

A method for providing spectral beam combining (SBC) including generating a plurality seed beams each having a central wavelength and a low fill factor profile, where the wavelength of all of the seed beams is different; amplifying the seed beams; causing the amplified beams to expand as they propagate so as to be converted from the low fill factor profile to a high fill factor profile where the high fill factor profile tapers to a lower value at a perimeter of each beam; causing a wavefront of the converted beams to flatten to provide a plurality of adjacent SBC beams having different wavelengths with minimal overlap and a minimal gap between the beams; collimating the SBC beams; and directing the collimated SBC beams onto an SBC element that spatially diffracts the individual beam wavelengths and directing the beams in the same direction as a combined output beam.

A hybrid coherent beam combining (CBC) and spectral beam combining (SBC) fiber laser amplifier system including a beam shaper array assembly and a beam source that provides a plurality of beams having a low fill factor profile. The assembly includes an input beam shaper array having a plurality of rectilinear input cells positioned adjacent to each other that are shaped to cause the beam to expand as it propagates away from the input array to be converted from the low fill factor profile to a high fill factor profile. The assembly further includes an output beam shaper array having a plurality of output cells positioned adjacent to each other that are shaped to cause the beam to stop expanding so that the output array provides a plurality of adjacent beams with minimal overlap and a minimal gap between the beams.

A coherently beam combining (CBC) fiber laser amplifier system including beam shaper array assembly and a beam source that provides a plurality of beams having a low fill factor profile. The assembly includes an input beam shaper array having a plurality of input cells positioned adjacent to each other that are shaped to cause the beam to expand as it propagates away from the input array to be converted from the low fill factor profile to a high fill factor profile and cause the profile to taper to a lower value at a perimeter of each input array cell. The assembly further includes an output beam shaper array having a plurality of output cells positioned adjacent to each other that are shaped to cause the beam to stop expanding so that the output array provides a plurality of adjacent beams with minimal overlap and a minimal gap between the beams.

Systems and methods for an injection locking RFOG are described herein. In certain embodiments, a system includes an optical resonator. The system also includes a laser source configured to launch a first laser for propagating within the optical resonator in a first direction and a second laser for propagating within the optical resonator in a second direction that is opposite to the first direction, wherein the first laser is emitted at a first launch frequency and the second laser is emitted at a second launch frequency. Moreover, the system includes at least one return path that injects a first optical feedback for the first laser and a second optical feedback for the second laser, from the optical resonator, into the laser source, wherein the first and second optical feedbacks respectively lock the first and second launch frequencies to first and second resonance frequencies of the optical resonator.