A team polar decoder (TPD) includes polar decoders (PPDs) connected to a channel, and a team decision maker (TDM) connected to the PPDs and a destination. Component polar decoders (CPDs) decode a polar code in accordance with a polar code. Each CPD receives a noisy code block (NCB) from the channel, and decodes the NCB in consecutive steps to obtain a decoded transform input block (DTIB). Each CPD is generates, at an end of the decoding step, a candidate decoded data block from the DTIB by a data-demapping operation that is an inverse of a data-mapping operation applied at a polar encoder, then sends the CDDB to the TDM, which receives the CDDBs from the PPDs, generates a decoded data block (DDB), and sends the DDB to the destination.

A system and method for detecting an angle of arrival (AoA) of incident waves are disclosed. An array of wave sensors each transduce incident waves into an electrical signal, which is then provided an additional phase shift that varies between sensors. Electrical signals from adjacent wave sensors, having different phase shifts, are coupled via a phase detector to classify the incident waves into zero and one AoA regions for that sensor pair. The outputs from many such phase detectors are combined to divide the space facing the array into many subregions, each subregion being associated with a unique codeword. Incident waves cause detection of codewords, that are decoded according to error detection and correction techniques, such as selecting, from a list, the codeword having a minimum Hamming distance to a received codeword. The decoder then outputs data indicating an AoA subregion associated with the decoded codeword.

A wireless communication device suppresses increase in computation scale when applying maximum likelihood detection to a multi-level modulation scheme. Units calculate a likelihood, bit log-likelihood ratio, and mutual information content for the separation result of a received signal on the basis of the signal point of a reference selected from among a plurality of signal points that a transmitted signal can assume. A transmission candidate point selection unit selects signal points in a number that corresponds to the mutual information content as transmission candidate points from among the plurality of signal points in ascending order of distance to 0 and distance to 1 for each modulation bit that constitutes the signal point of the reference. A reception candidate point that is a candidate for the received signal is calculated. An external LLR calculation unit calculates the bit log-likelihood ratio by an MLD method.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure relate to techniques and apparatus for improving decoding latency and performance of Polar codes. An exemplary method generally includes generating a codeword by encoding information bits, using a multi-dimensional interpretation of a polar code of length N, determining, based on one or more criteria, a plurality of locations within the codeword to insert error correction codes generating the error correction codes based on corresponding portions of the information bits, inserting the error correction codes at the determined plurality of locations, and transmitting the codeword. Other aspects, embodiments, and features are also claimed and described.

A method for optimizing non-uniform quantization thresholds of an ADC in MLSE-based receivers in an optical communication channel, according to which a Quantized Noise (QN) distortion model, in which the quantization and the channel additive noises are combined is generated. The model is applied on the channel deterministic analog states x(n) and on sequences of analog states and transition probabilities are calculated, which will be used later on to calculate the BER, from channel deterministic states and sequences of channel deterministic states into the discrete ADC quantization regions. Real value outputs of the ADC are replaced by the transition probabilities and non-uniform quantization of the ADC is performed, with thresholds that are optimized for MLSE detection, to obtain maximal statistical separation. A DSP circuit computes, the MLSE metrics and the transition probabilities of the analog states into the quantized values, for each of the channel deterministic state; and an MLSE decoder post-processes transition probabilities replacing the ADC outputs and representing analog regions, based on the derived transition probabilities.

In an illustrative example, an apparatus includes a controller and a memory that is configured to store a codeword of a convolutional low-density parity-check (CLDPC) code. The codeword has a first size and includes multiple portions that are independently decodable and that have a second size. The controller includes a CLDPC encoder configured to encode the codeword and a CLDPC decoder configured to decode the codeword or a portion of the codeword.

Devices, systems and methods for list decoding of polarization-adjusted convolutional (PAC) codes are described. One example method for improving error correction in a decoder for data in a communication channel includes receiving a noisy codeword, the codeword having been generated using a polarization-adjusted convolutional (PAC) code and provided to the communication channel prior to reception by the decoder, and performing PAC list decoding on the noisy codeword, wherein an encoding operation of the PAC code comprises a convolutional precoding operation that generates one or more dynamically frozen bits, and wherein the PAC list decoding comprises extending, based on the one or more dynamically frozen bits, at least two paths of a plurality of paths in the PAC list decoding differently and independently.

A system for a fiber-optic network includes a transceiver. The transceiver includes a fiber-optic interface unit and a host unit. The host unit includes a low-complexity error correction decoder and a high-complexity error correction decoder. One or both from the low-complexity error correction decoder and the high-complexity error correction decoder are selected to decode input data from the fiber-optic interface unit, the input data including codewords.

Methods and apparatuses for generating probabilistic information for error correction using current integration are disclosed. An example method comprises sensing a first plurality of memory cells based on a first sense threshold, responsive to sensing the first plurality of cells, associating a first set of probabilistic information with the first plurality of memory cells, sensing a second plurality of memory cells based on a second sense threshold, responsive to sensing the second plurality of memory cells, associating a second set of probabilistic information with the second plurality of memory cells, and performing an error correction operation on the first and second pluralities of memory cells based, at least in part, on the first and second values.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure relate to techniques and apparatus for improving decoding latency and performance of Polar codes. An exemplary method generally includes generating a codeword by encoding information bits, using a multi-dimensional interpretation of a polar code of length N, determining, based on one or more criteria, a plurality of locations within the codeword to insert error correction codes generating the error correction codes based on corresponding portions of the information bits, inserting the error correction codes at the determined plurality of locations, and transmitting the codeword. Other aspects, embodiments, and features are also claimed and described.