A method for operating a local bus, in particular a ring bus, including data bus participants, as well as a local bus master are described. The method comprises transmitting a first identifier of a cycle frame, the first identifier defining the beginning of the cycle frame; transmitting process data and management data over the local bus, the process data and management data being transmitted within the cycle frame, at least one isochronous data packet containing the process data being transmitted in a first time interval for the first identifier, and, if management data is transmitted within the cycle frame, this management data is transmitted separately from the process data.

A method for operating a local bus, in particular a ring bus, including data bus participants, as well as a local bus master are described. The method comprises transmitting a first identifier of a cycle frame, the first identifier defining the beginning of the cycle frame; transmitting process data and management data over the local bus, the process data and management data being transmitted within the cycle frame, at least one isochronous data packet containing the process data being transmitted in a first time interval for the first identifier, and, if management data is transmitted within the cycle frame, this management data is transmitted separately from the process data.

Method for synchronizing control applications via a communication network for transferring time-critical data, wherein network infrastructure devices determine, for the forwarding of datagrams associated with selected data streams, respective time delays between a planned transmission time of the datagram and an actual transmission time of the datagram in question, where the selected data streams are assigned to control applications running on communication terminals, and where a beginning of a next end-node-side transfer cycle is determined by a starting-node-side control application based on the time delay determined by a preceding network infrastructure device in question, an accumulated maximum time delay and a transmission time of the datagrams to achieve synchronization between transfer cycles of starting-node-side control applications and transfer cycles of end-node-side control applications.

An onboard ECU communicatively connected to an onboard apparatus installed in a vehicle and a vehicle control apparatus that executes processing relating to driving an onboard apparatus includes a control unit that executes processing relating to control of the onboard apparatus, wherein the control unit acquires an input signal relating to control of the onboard apparatus, derives a count value on the basis of changes in the acquired input signal, outputs a first signal for transitioning the vehicle control apparatus to an activated state in a case where the derived count value reaches a first threshold, and outputs a second signal for requesting the onboard apparatus to be driven in a case where the derived count value reaches a second threshold; and the second threshold is a value greater than the first threshold.

The conventional relay device has a problem that a traffic load on a communication device is large when an output port of a frame including a destination address, which an address table has not learned yet, is a port connected to a branch circuit, since flooding is performed on all ports except for a port that has received the frame. A relay device (21) is provided with a destination determination unit (41) to transfer, when a time clocked by a timer unit (40) to start clocking is within a set time, a frame to ports (511 and 512) connected to trunk circuits (61 and 64), and when the time clocked by the timer unit (40) exceeds the set time, to transfer the frame to the ports (511 and 512) connected to the trunk circuits (61 and 64) and a port (513) connected to a branch circuit (65), in a case wherein it is impossible for a search unit (43) to obtain from a first storage unit (33) a port number corresponding to a destination address included in the frame received, and the first storage unit (33) is cleared.

A wiring system for an automobile connecting a processor and a plurality of devices, using one or more backbone sections. The processor and devices are connected to one another to form a first loop and a second loop, such that data may be transmitted along the first loop and data may be transmitted along the second loop.

A wiring system for an automobile connecting a processor and a plurality of devices, using one or more backbone sections. The processor and devices are connected to one another to form a first loop and a second loop, such that data may be transmitted along the first loop and data may be transmitted along the second loop.

An information obtaining unit (53) of a monitoring apparatus (40) obtains from each node, topology map information created in each node by an exchange of information and sharing of information between nodes that belong to a ring network. The topology map information is information that indicates a connection relation between the nodes in the ring network. A topology comparison unit (54) of the monitoring apparatus (40) compares the topology map information obtained from each node by the information obtaining unit (53) with topology definition information retained in a memory (42) beforehand, and determines whether or not a configuration of the ring network is according to design. The topology definition information is information that defines the connection relation between the nodes in the ring network.

An information obtaining unit (53) of a monitoring apparatus (40) obtains from each node, topology map information created in each node by an exchange of information and sharing of information between nodes that belong to a ring network. The topology map information is information that indicates a connection relation between the nodes in the ring network. A topology comparison unit (54) of the monitoring apparatus (40) compares the topology map information obtained from each node by the information obtaining unit (53) with topology definition information retained in a memory (42) beforehand, and determines whether or not a configuration of the ring network is according to design. The topology definition information is information that defines the connection relation between the nodes in the ring network.

A co-packaged, multiplane network includes: an enclosure; a portion of a first network plane disposed within the enclosure and comprising a first plurality of interconnected switches; a portion of a second network plane disposed within the enclosure and comprising a second plurality of interconnected switches, the second network plane being independent of the first network plane and having the same topology as the first network plane; and a plurality of connectors, each connector being communicatively coupled to a respective port of each of the first plurality of interconnected switches and the second plurality of interconnected switches.