Embodiments of the invention relate to methods and systems for processing network traffic data units. The methods and systems may include functionality for generating a first network traffic data unit comprising an indication that the first network traffic unit should be delayed for a time before re-transmission to a client device; and transmitting the first network traffic data unit to a first edge device.

Embodiments of the invention relate to methods and systems for processing network traffic data units. The methods and systems may include functionality for generating a first network traffic data unit comprising an indication that the first network traffic unit should be delayed for a time before re-transmission to a client device; and transmitting the first network traffic data unit to a first edge device.

A packet transmission method is applied to a communication device including a first MPU, a second MPU, and an LPU. The first MPU is connected to the LPU through a first transmission channel. The second MPU is connected to the LPU through a second transmission channel. During packet transmission, a service flow packet is transmitted through the first transmission channel, and a non-service flow packet is transmitted through the second transmission channel. Therefore, the service flow packet and the non-service flow packet are processed by different MPUs, so that the service flow packet and the non-service flow packet do not compete with each other. In this way, transmission efficiency of the non-service flow packet is improved. In addition, when the first MPU is attacked by an abnormal service flow packet, the second MPU is not affected, and may normally perform operation and maintenance management.

A relay device is provided that may identify a quantity of empty data byte locations in a data buffer of the relay device. The relay device may receive an indicator associated with transmitting data packets. The relay device may pause or enable a lossless flow of data between the relay device, a host device, and a peer device based on the quantity of empty data byte locations, the indicator, or both. The relay device may include a first data interface coupled with a peer device, a second data interface coupled with a host device, a data buffer configured to store data packets received from the host device, and a state machine that enables a lossless transmission of data between the host device and peer device. The state machine may transmit a pause frame to the host device based on a data buffer utilization reaching a data storage capacity.

Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for discarding radio link control service data units. One method (700) includes sending (702) at least a portion of a radio link control service data unit. The method (700) includes receiving (704) an indication from a packet data convergence protocol layer to discard the radio link control service data unit after sending at least the portion of the radio link control service data unit. The method (700) includes, in response to receiving the indication to discard the radio link control service data unit, transmitting (706) information indicating to discard the radio link control service data unit.

Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for discarding radio link control service data units. One method (700) includes sending (702) at least a portion of a radio link control service data unit. The method (700) includes receiving (704) an indication from a packet data convergence protocol layer to discard the radio link control service data unit after sending at least the portion of the radio link control service data unit. The method (700) includes, in response to receiving the indication to discard the radio link control service data unit, transmitting (706) information indicating to discard the radio link control service data unit.

Systems, apparatuses, and methods are described for routing messages in a network. Gateways may be selectively chosen to forward messages from a user device to a network server. Gateways may forward messages based on forwarding priorities for the user device. The forwarding priorities may, for example, indicate a repeat count threshold for a quantity of times the gateway may receive a message from a particular user device before the gateway forwards the message.

According to a first embodiment, a method may include receiving at least one time sensitive communications (TSC) request from at least one application function (AF). The method may further include determining at least one hold and forward (HnF) parameter based on the at least one TSC request. The method may further include transmitting the at least one HnF parameter to at least one user equipment (UE).

According to a first embodiment, a method may include receiving at least one time sensitive communications (TSC) request from at least one application function (AF). The method may further include determining at least one hold and forward (HnF) parameter based on the at least one TSC request. The method may further include transmitting the at least one HnF parameter to at least one user equipment (UE).

A communication method and apparatus. A user plane network element perform refined differentiated processing on different data packets to adapt to and meet different user requirements and network conditions. A first user plane network element receives a first data packet, where the first data packet carries first indication information. The first user plane network element processes the first data packet based on the first indication information. The first indication information includes one or more of the following: synchronous transmission indication information, packet discard indication information, data type indication information, charging indication information, statistics indication information, or priority indication information.