A vehicular camera for a vehicular vision system includes a housing having a front housing portion and a rear housing portion, with the front housing portion including a lens barrel for accommodating a lens. A heating device is disposed at an outermost lens element of the lens. The heating device includes a pair of electrically conductive elements that are routed along the lens barrel for electrical connection to circuitry at a printed circuit board. An outer end of each of the electrically conductive elements is disposed at and in contact with a heating element at and in contact with the inner surface of the outermost lens element. When powered, the heating element heats the outermost lens element to evaporate moisture or condensation thereat. The camera is configured to be disposed at an exterior portion of a vehicle so as to have a field of view exterior of the vehicle.

A vehicular camera for a vehicular vision system includes a housing having a front housing portion and a rear housing portion, with the front housing portion including a lens barrel for accommodating a lens. A heating device is disposed at an outermost lens element of the lens. The heating device includes a pair of electrically conductive elements that are routed along the lens barrel for electrical connection to circuitry at a printed circuit board. An outer end of each of the electrically conductive elements is disposed at and in contact with a heating element at and in contact with the inner surface of the outermost lens element. When powered, the heating element heats the outermost lens element to evaporate moisture or condensation thereat. The camera is configured to be disposed at an exterior portion of a vehicle so as to have a field of view exterior of the vehicle.

A camera system incorporating a MEMS actuator to achieve focus adjustments to compensate for the thermal expansion of the lens assembly is disclosed. The camera comprises a lens barrel, lens holder, infra-red (IR) filter, board circuit, MEMS actuator, housing package for the actuator, and an image sensor. The image sensor is directly wire bonded to pads on the circuit board such that these pads are movable at the image sensor end and fixed at the circuit board end. When the camera is exposed to temperature variations, the MEMS actuator moves the sensor along the optical axis to maintain the image in focus.

A camera system incorporating a MEMS actuator to achieve focus adjustments to compensate for the thermal expansion of the lens assembly is disclosed. The camera comprises a lens barrel, lens holder, infra-red (IR) filter, board circuit, MEMS actuator, housing package for the actuator, and an image sensor. The image sensor is directly wire bonded to pads on the circuit board such that these pads are movable at the image sensor end and fixed at the circuit board end. When the camera is exposed to temperature variations, the MEMS actuator moves the sensor along the optical axis to maintain the image in focus.

An image sensor includes a plurality of pixels arranged in a predetermined aspect ratio to sense an image in an optical axis direction, wherein the predetermined aspect ratio is higher than 4/3 and lower than 16/9.

An image sensor includes a plurality of pixels arranged in a predetermined aspect ratio to sense an image in an optical axis direction, wherein the predetermined aspect ratio is higher than 4/3 and lower than 16/9.

An underwater observation device is proposed. The underwater observation device includes a case body having an inner space. The case body includes a first filtering portion, a first transparent portion, and a second transparent portion. The first filtering portion is configured to filter impurities in the water entering the case body. The first transparent portion and the second transparent portion are adjacent to the first filtering portion and are located on two opposite sides of the case body respectively. The first transparent portion and the second transparent portion are configured for a user to observe at least one object through the case body.

An underwater observation device is proposed. The underwater observation device includes a case body having an inner space. The case body includes a first filtering portion, a first transparent portion, and a second transparent portion. The first filtering portion is configured to filter impurities in the water entering the case body. The first transparent portion and the second transparent portion are adjacent to the first filtering portion and are located on two opposite sides of the case body respectively. The first transparent portion and the second transparent portion are configured for a user to observe at least one object through the case body.

An image pickup apparatus includes, in order from an image side to an object side along an optical axis a first base member, a second base member fixed to the first base member, an image sensor substrate having an image sensor mounted thereon, and being fixed to the second base member, and a structural member configured to support a lens. A linear thermal expansion coefficient of the second base member is larger than that of the first base member.

An image pickup apparatus includes, in order from an image side to an object side along an optical axis a first base member, a second base member fixed to the first base member, an image sensor substrate having an image sensor mounted thereon, and being fixed to the second base member, and a structural member configured to support a lens. A linear thermal expansion coefficient of the second base member is larger than that of the first base member.