An electric heater includes a substrate (an insulating material capable of forming a conductor pattern on a surface of an insulating substrate), a first plane heating element formed on one surface of the substrate, and a second plane heating element formed on one surface of the substrate to be located outside the first plane heating element. The first plane heating element includes a first pattern portion connecting a start point with an end point located in a first zone, a pair of first electrodes located outside the first zone, and a pair of first connectors connecting the first pattern portion with the first electrodes. The second plane heating element includes a second pattern portion located in a second zone surrounding the first zone and connecting a start point with an end point, and at least some of the first connectors are located in the second zone.

A heater device includes a heat generating portion formed so as to be adjacent to one surface of an insulating substrate and configured to generate heat, and a heat equalizing portion arranged between adjacent heat generating portions and configured to diffuse the heat of the heat generating portion. The heat generating portion has a linear shape, and at least one of a distance between one of the adjacent heat generating portions and the heat equalizing portion and a distance between the other of the adjacent heat generating portions and the heat equalizing portion is equal to or less than a line width of the heat generating portion. In the heat equalizing portion, a distance between one end of one of the adjacent heat generating portions and the other end of the other of the adjacent heat generating portions is longer than the line width of the heat generating portion.

A thermal insulation structure for a vehicle window device is provided with a heater is disposed on a vehicle interior side, a heat-receiving component that is provided between the window and the heater, and that, by receiving heat from the heater, imparts radiant heat to the window, and a thermal insulation layer that is provided at a surface of the heater on an opposite side from the heat-receiving component, wherein the thermal insulation layer is formed by mutually superimposing a plurality of thermal insulation materials, and of the plurality of thermal insulation materials, a thermal insulation material on a closest side to the heater has greater heat resistance than a thermal insulation material on a furthest side from the heater, and the thermal insulation material on the furthest side from the heater has a lower thermal conductivity than the thermal insulation material on the closest side to the heater.

A heater includes a heat generation element which includes a heater wire which spreads in a planar manner, and a metal plate serving as a heat dissipation element which includes a material having a high thermal conductivity, which is placed on a vehicle windowpane side of the heat generation element, which is heated by heat from the heat generation element, and which irradiates heat to the vehicle windowpane side. The vehicle windowpane is heated by the heat irradiated from the metal plate serving as the heat dissipation element.

An electric heater includes a substrate (an insulating material capable of forming a conductor pattern on a surface of an insulating substrate), a first plane heating element formed on one surface of the substrate, and a second plane heating element formed on one surface of the substrate to be located outside the first plane heating element. The first plane heating element includes a first pattern portion connecting a start point with an end point located in a first zone, a pair of first electrodes located outside the first zone, and a pair of first connectors connecting the first pattern portion with the first electrodes. The second plane heating element includes a second pattern portion located in a second zone surrounding the first zone and connecting a start point with an end point, and at least some of the first connectors are located in the second zone.

To provide an automobile window glass having an antifogging function, which can secure a favorable field of view of passengers in an automobile.

A windshield 10 according to an embodiment comprises an in-vehicle camera 20, a conductor 26, and wirings 36 and 40 to connect the conductor 26 and a battery 38. The conductor 26 has a heating portion 30, and has a resistor 50 between the heating portion 30 and the battery 38. The heating portion 30 heats an information transmitting/receiving region 28 which allows the in-vehicle camera 20 to take an image of the scenery outside the automobile through the windshield 10. The resistor 50 has a resistance corresponding to the resistance of a surplus wire at the heating portion.

A heater system for a non-combustible aerosol-generating device includes a heater element and a fuse element. The heater element has a heating region, a first terminal and a second terminal. The fuse element is electrically connected between the first terminal and the second terminal in parallel with the heater element. The fuse element has a region configured to induce a localized hot spot to cause the fuse element to open circuit in response to power applied between the first terminal and the second terminal.

A heating arrangement has a coolant housing with an inflow connection and an outflow connection for a coolant. Heating elements are arranged on opposite housing walls and include connections for the supply of power. Three circuit-board pieces of a circuit board are arranged in a row and connected to one another via flexible regions. Power electronic components and connections for connecting to the power-supply connections of the heating elements are arranged on the two edge circuit-board pieces. The circuit board is bent in flexible regions such that the two edge circuit-board pieces lie opposite one another. The coolant housing lies between the opposite edge circuit-board pieces. The power-supply connections of the heating elements and the connections on the edge circuit-board pieces are in electrical contact.

The apparatus for cooking food with superheated steam includes an external casing (2) comprising inside a cooking chamber (4), suitable for containing one or more foods; a steam generating device (30), capable of vaporizing a liquid; a superheating device (31) of said steam associated with said steam generating device (30), said superheating device (31) being configured to heat said steam up to an operating temperature (T) higher than the boiling temperature of said liquid and to enable said superheated steam to come out towards said cooking chamber (4).

An electronic vaping device includes a housing, a planar heater, a heater support, a tank, and a wick. The housing extends in a longitudinal direction and has a tip end and a mouth-end. The tip end is closed and the mouth-end has an opening therein. The heater support supports the planar heater. The tank contains a pre-vapor formulation and is configured to slide into and out of the opening of the mouth-end of the housing. The wick extends from the tank and is configured to be in contact with the planar heater when the tank is inserted in the housing.