A microactuator for a suspension is described. The microactuator includes a multi-layer PZT device having a first face and an opposite second face. Each layer of the multi-layer PZT device is configured to operate in its d15 mode when actuated by an actuation voltage. The layers are configured as a stack such that each layer is configured to act in the same direction when actuated such that the first face moves in shear relative to the second face.

A flexible display, including: a flexible display panel; an electroactive polymer layer disposed on a side of the flexible display panel that faces away from a displaying surface of the flexible display panel; and a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer which are disposed on the electroactive polymer layer. The electroactive polymer layer is capable of deforming according to the voltage applied across the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer.

Piezoelectric crystal elements are provided having preferred cut directions that optimize the shear mode piezoelectric properties. In the discovered cut directions, the crystal elements have super-high piezoelectric performance with d.sub.15, d.sub.24 and d.sub.36 shear modes at room temperature. The d.sub.15 shear mode crystal gives a maximum d value and is free from the cross-talk of d.sub.11 and d.sub.16. The d.sub.36 mode is extremely reliable compared to other shear elements due to its ready re-poling capability. The crystal elements may be beneficially used for high-sensitive acoustic transducers.

A device for performing a precision movement comprising a plate composed of piezoelectric material and comprising electrodes which are provided at mutually opposite and preferably parallel planes, are connectable to a controlled voltage source having electrical voltage and in this case bring about a change in the form and/or mass of the plate is characterized in that at least one of the electrodes is designed in an elastic fashion to form a base module.

A piezoelectric actuator part which generates a driving force to rotate a mirror part about a rotation axis includes a first actuator part and a second actuator part having a both-end supported beam structure in which base end parts on both sides in an axial direction of the rotation axis are fixed. The first actuator part has a first electrode part and second electrode parts. The second actuator part has third electrode parts and a fourth electrode part. The arrangement of the each electrode part constituting an upper electrode corresponds to a stress distribution of principal stresses in a piezoelectric body during resonance mode vibration, and a piezoelectric portion corresponding to positions of the first electrode part and the third electrode parts and a piezoelectric portion corresponding to positions of the second electrode parts and the fourth electrode part generate stresses in opposite directions.

A piezoelectric actuator part which generates a driving force to rotate a mirror part about a rotation axis includes a first actuator part and a second actuator part having a both-end supported beam structure in which base end parts on both sides in an axial direction of the rotation axis are fixed. Upper electrodes and lower electrodes of the first actuator part and the second actuator part are divided to correspond to a stress distribution of principal stresses in a piezoelectric body during resonance mode vibration, a piezoelectric portion corresponding to positions of a first piezoelectric conversion part and third piezoelectric conversion parts and a piezoelectric portion corresponding to positions of second piezoelectric conversion parts and a fourth piezoelectric conversion part generate stresses in opposite directions.

A device for establishing a bonding connection, with a bonding head mounted so as to rotate about an axis of rotation, and a transducer (1) mounted on the bonding head. The transducer (1) has a piezo actuator (5) for generating ultrasonic vibration, in particular a natural ultrasonic vibration. Electrodes area (20) provided on the piezo actuator (5) in such a way that the piezo actuator (5) can be excited by an electric field in a field direction (10) transverse to a polarization direction (9) of the piezo actuator, and as a result of the excitation and of the connection of the piezo actuator (5) to the fastening section (6) and to the tool holder (3), the piezo actuator (5) carries out a shearing motion in a shearing plane (18) formed by the polarization direction (9) and by the field direction (10).

A device for performing a precision movement comprising a plate composed of piezoelectric material and comprising electrodes which are provided at mutually opposite and preferably parallel planes, are connectable to a controlled voltage source having electrical voltage and in this case bring about a change in the form and/or mass of the plate is characterized in that at least one of the electrodes is designed in an elastic fashion to form a base module.

Lattice structure with piezoelectric behavior characterized in that the lattice structure (1) comprises a periodic succession of unitary cells (10), wherein each unitary cell (10) is made of a dielectric material, is bending or torsion dominated and comprises nanometric structural connectors (11) connected to each other through nodes (12) defining a non-centrosymmetric shape having a topological constraint that induces torsion or bending of said structural connectors (11); and wherein the unitary cells (10) are connected to each other at least in series defining a continuous electric potential accumulation path with two opposed ends (2, 3), the unitary cells (10) being arranged within the lattice structure (1) in a non-centrosymmetric disposition accumulating and conducting without cancellation the electric gradient generated on each unitary cell (10) through the lattice structure (1) to said two opposed ends (2, 3).

A method is provided to measure viscosity of an analyte using a microfluidic piezoelectric sensor including a channel on an active area of a piezoelectric resonator substrate. The microfluidic piezoelectric sensor is driven so that the active area of the piezoelectric resonator substrate generates shear motion in a direction of shear motion displacement that is parallel with respect to a first surface of the piezoelectric resonator substrate. A high shear-rate viscosity of the analyte is determined based on a shift in resonance of the microfluidic piezoelectric sensor while driving the microfluidic piezoelectric sensor with the analyte in the channel. A low shear-rate viscosity of the analyte is determined by detecting flow of the analyte through the channel based on tracking shifts in resonance of the microfluidic piezoelectric sensor. Related sensors are also discussed.