The present disclosure relates to a lithium-sulfur battery cathode. The lithium-sulfur battery cathode comprises a carbon nanotube sponge and a plurality of sulfur nanoparticles. Wherein the carbon nanotube sponge comprises a plurality of micropores. The plurality of sulfur nanoparticles are uniformly distributed in the plurality of micropores. The present disclosure also relates a method for making the lithium-sulfur battery cathode and a lithium-sulfur battery using the lithium-sulfur battery cathode.

A lithium secondary battery includes a cathode formed of a cathode active material including a lithium metal oxide particle having a concentration gradient, and a coating formed on the lithium metal oxide particle, the coating including aluminum, titanium and zirconium, an anode, and a separator interposed between the cathode and the anode. The cathode active material includes 2,000 ppm to 4,000 ppm of aluminum, 4,000 ppm to 9,000 ppm of titanium and 400 ppm to 700 ppm of zirconium, based on the total weight of the cathode active material. The performance of the secondary battery may be maintained under a high temperature condition.

A lithium ion battery is provided that includes: a positive electrode; a negative electrode; a separator comprising a material having a melt temperature of greater than 150° C.; and an electrolyte including an organic solvent and a lithium salt. A method for sterilizing a lithium ion battery is also provided that includes: providing a lithium ion battery (particularly one as described herein); either charging or discharging the battery to a state of charge (SOC) of 20% to 100%; and steam sterilizing the battery to form a sterilized lithium ion battery.

A battery comprising an acidified metal oxide (“AMO”) material, preferably in monodisperse nanoparticulate form 20 nm or less in size, having a pH <7 when suspended in a 5 wt % aqueous solution and a Hammett function H.sub.0 >−12, at least on its surface.

Disclosed are a transition metal precursor for preparation of a lithium transition metal oxide, in which a ratio of tap density of the precursor to average particle diameter D50 of the precursor satisfies the condition represented by Equation 1 below, and a lithium transition metal oxide prepared using the same. $\begin{array}{cc}0<\frac{\mathrm{Tap}\mathrm{density}}{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{Average}\mathrm{particle}\mathrm{diameter}D50\\ \mathrm{of}\mathrm{transition}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{metal}\mathrm{precursor}\end{array}}<3500\left(g/\mathrm{cc}.Math.\mathrm{cm}\right)& \left(1\right)\end{array}$

Provided is a post-treatment method of a lithium secondary battery including: an activation step of charging a heated lithium secondary battery to an activation voltage and maintaining the battery at the voltage, in a state in which the lithium secondary battery including a positive electrode including a nickel-rich (Ni-rich) lithium-transition metal composite oxide having a layered structure containing 0.8 moles or more of Ni based on a total of 1 mole of transition metals as a positive electrode active material; a negative electrode; a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; and an electrolyte solution, which are built in a battery case, is heated, the activation voltage being equal to or higher than a voltage generating phase transition of the lithium-transition metal composite oxide.

Disclosed is a method for improving the performance of a layered electrode material. An interlayer spacing of the layered electrode material is measured and donated as (b). A salt compound is selected and added into a solvent with a molecular diameter of (c) to prepare an electrolytic solution, where a diameter (a) of a cation in the salt compound is smaller than the interlayer spacing (b), and c>b−a. The electrolytic solution is used as the working electrolytic solution for the layered electrode material.

A cathode material of a lithium-ion battery and a fabricating method thereof, and a lithium-ion battery are described. The cathode material of the lithium-ion battery has hexaazatriphenylene embedded quinone (HATAQ) and/or its derivative small molecules, which have multiple redox-active sites and can form intermolecular hydrogen bonds to form a graphite-like layered structure. When HATAQ and/or its derivative small molecules are used as a cathode material, a stable structure can be maintained during a charge and discharge process and during lithium ions entering and exiting.

The present invention provides a composition for a gel polymer electrolyte, the composition including: an oligomer represented by Formula 1; an additive; a polymerization initiator; a lithium salt; and a non-aqueous solvent, the additive including at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted phosphate-based compound and a substituted or unsubstituted benzene-based compound, a gel polymer electrolyte prepared using the same, and a lithium secondary battery.

The process of making a lithium ion battery cathode comprises the step of forming a slurry of an active material, a nano-size conductive agent, a binder polymer, a solvent and a dispersant. The solvent consists essentially of one or more of a compound of Formula 1, 2, or 3, and the dispersant comprises an ethyl cellulose.