A film and a manufacturing process thereof, including a base layer, where each of front and back sides of the base layer is provided with a bonding layer, a functional layer, and a protective layer in sequence; the functional layer is composed of a first composite copper layer and/or a second composite copper layer; the first composite copper layer is formed by repeating copper coating on a surface of the bonding layer 2 to 500 times; and the second composite copper layer is formed by repeating copper coating on a surface of the bonding layer 2 to 500 times. The film has low cost, simple process, and prominent appearance performance, and the present disclosure belongs to the technical field of energy storage unit materials.

The invention discloses a lithium metal negative electrode protection method improving lithium utilization efficiency, and relates to the field of lithium batteries. In a lithium battery, lithium metal is deposited on a current collector as a battery negative electrode, and a high molecular polymer is added as an additive to an ester electrolyte. In the present application, the high molecular polymer is prepared by a polymerization reaction of monomer A being acrylonitrile or derivatives thereof, monomer B being perfluoroalkyl ethyl methacrylate or derivatives thereof, and monomer C being alkyl alcohol diacrylate or derivatives thereof. Due to the negative charge on the surface of lithium metal, the —CN and —CF3 in the polymer are strong electron-withdrawing groups, which promote the preferential adsorption of electrolyte additives on the surface of lithium metal and reduce the contact of other components in the electrolyte with lithium metal.

A method (10) for the processing of lithium containing brines, the method comprising the method steps of: (i) Passing a lithium containing brine (12) to a filtration step (14) to remove sulphates; (ii) Passing a product (16) of step (i) to a first ion exchange step (18) to remove divalent impurities; (iii) Passing a product (20) of step (ii) to a second ion exchange step (22) to remove boron impurities; (iv) Passing a product (24) of step (iii) to an electrolysis step (26) to produce lithium hydroxide (28); and (v) Passing a product (30) of step (iv) to a crystallisation step (32) that in turn provides a lithium hydroxide monohydrate product (34).

Provided is a method of improving the cycle-life of a lithium metal secondary battery, the method comprising implementing an anode-protecting layer between an anode active material layer (or an anode current collector layer substantially without any lithium when the battery is made) and a porous separator/electrolyte assembly, wherein the anode-protecting layer is in a close physical contact with the anode active material layer (or the anode current collector), has a thickness from 10 nm to 500 μm and comprises an elastic polymer foam having a fully recoverable compressive elastic strain from 2% to 500% and interconnected pores and wherein the anode active material layer contains a layer of lithium or lithium alloy, in a form of a foil, coating, or multiple particles aggregated together, as an anode active material.

A hydrophilic porous carbon electrode which has excellent hydrophilicity, which has high reaction activity when used for a battery, and with which excellent battery characteristics is able to be obtained is provided. A hydrophilic porous carbon electrode is a sheet-form hydrophilic porous carbon electrode in which a carbon fiber is bonded using a resin carbide and has a contact angles θ.sub.A of water on both surfaces in a thickness direction being 0 to 15° and a contact angle θ.sub.B of water in a middle portion in the thickness direction being 0 to 15°. The hydrophilic porous carbon electrode is obtained by forming the carbon fiber and a binder fiber into a sheet, impregnating the sheet into a thermosetting resin, subjecting it to heat press processing, and then subjecting it to carbonization at 400 to 3000° C. in an inert atmosphere. The hydrophilic porous carbon electrode is transported and is subjected to a heat treatment while an oxidizing gas flows at 400 to 800° C. in a direction perpendicular to a direction in which the hydrophilic porous carbon electrode is transported to be subjected to hydrophilization.

A battery cell includes a current collector, separator, anode, and deposition biasing element. The anode is positioned between the current collector and separator, and includes an ion conducting ceramic material with a porous structure. The biasing element is positioned within the battery cell so as to bias ion deposition within the anode, during a charging process, away from the separator. A method for forming a battery cell includes electrospinning particles of material into a mesh to form an anode that includes an ionically conductive material. At least one biasing element is applied to at least one of the anode and a current collector. The anode is positioned between the current collector and a separator. The current collector and the separator are joined to the anode.

A reference electrode assembly for an electrochemical cell includes a separator constructed from an electrically-insulating porous material. The reference electrode assembly also includes a current collector having a sputtered electrically-conducting porous layer arranged directly on the separator and a sputtered lithium iron phosphate (LFP) layer arranged directly on the electrically-conducting porous layer. The reference electrode assembly additionally includes an electrical contact connected to the current collector. A method using successive vacuum deposition of individual layers onto the separator is employed in fabricating the reference electrode assembly.

A method for producing an electrolytic copper foil is provided. The method includes preparing a copper electrolytic solution including at least one addition agent and performing an electroplating step including: electrolyzing the copper electrolytic solution to form a raw foil layer. The raw foil layer has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. In the X-ray diffraction spectrum of the first surface, a ratio of the diffraction peak intensity I(200) of the (200) crystal face of the first surface relative to the diffraction peak intensity I(111) of the (111) crystal face of the first surface is between 0.5 and 2.0. A ratio of the diffraction peak intensity I(200) of the (200) crystal face of the second surface relative to the diffraction peak intensity I(111) of the (111) crystal face of the second surface is between 0.5 and 2.0.

The invention relates to an electrochemical element and a battery comprising one or more electrochemical elements, with integrated sensors and/or actuators, in particular including an application for monitoring the operation of an electrochemical element or a Li-ion battery, and/or triggering actions in such an element or such a battery, intended to secure the element or the battery. The electrochemical element (1) comprises a closed shell (2) defining an internal volume and a beam (3) arranged therein having alternating positive and negative electrodes respectively connected to two positive and negative electrical output terminals housing separators, the beam (3) being impregnated with electrolyte and further connected by connection means (4) to one (5) of the electrical output terminals. It further comprises one or mote self-powered sensor and/or actuator elements (20 to 24) each arranged in contact with one component selected from the shell (2), the beam (3), the connection means (4), and the output terminal (5), and capable of measuring a physical or chemical magnitude relative to, and/or generating a physical action or effect on, the surroundings thereof.

The invention discloses a lithium metal anode protection method improving lithium utilization efficiency, and relates to the field of lithium batteries. In a lithium battery, lithium metal is deposited on a current collector as a battery anode, and a high molecular polymer is added as an additive to an ester electrolyte. In the present application, the high molecular polymer is prepared by a polymerization reaction of monomer A being acrylonitrile or derivatives thereof, monomer B being perfluoroalkyl ethyl methacrylate or derivatives thereof, and monomer C being alkyl alcohol diacrylate or derivatives thereof. Due to the negative charge on the surface of lithium metal, the —CN and —CF.sub.3 in the polymer are strong electron-withdrawing groups, which promote the preferential adsorption of electrolyte additives on the surface of lithium metal and reduce the contact of other components in the electrolyte with lithium metal.