In some embodiments, a battery, a cathode for a battery, and a method for making a cathode and a battery are provided. The method comprises the steps of at least combining an electrode active material, one or more conductive diluents, a binder and a solvent to form an electrode active mixture having a first solvent to powder weight ratio, reducing a solvent to powder weight ratio to form a paste, feeding the paste into a plastic tube; and calendering the plastic tube. A dry cathode mixture is provided. The dry cathode mixture includes a cathode active material, a conductive diluent and a polymeric binder. A solvent is mixed with the dry mixture to form a slurry. Solvent is removed from the slurry to form a doughy composition. The doughy composition is calender sheeted to form a sheet. The sheet is baked at a temperature of 30 C. to 120 C. for 15 minutes to 6 hours to form a dry sheet. The dry sheet is cut into coupons. The coupons are pressed to form a pressed coupon. The pressed coupons are baked to form cathodes, by subjecting the pressed coupons to a temperature of 30 C. to 120 C. for at least one hour. The cathodes may be processed into batteries.

Systems and methods for multiple carbon precursors for enhanced battery electrode robustness may include an electrode having an active material on a current collector, the active material including two or more carbon precursor materials, and an additive, wherein the carbon precursor materials have different pyrolysis temperatures. A battery may include the electrode. The carbon precursor materials may include polyimide (PI) and polyamide-imide (PAI). The active material may be pyrolyzed at a temperature such that a first carbon precursor material is partially pyrolyzed and a second carbon precursor material is completely pyrolyzed. The carbon precursor materials may include two or more of PI, PAI, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and sodium alginate. The active material may include silicon constituting at least 50% of weight of a formed anode after pyrolysis. The active material may include silicon constituting up to 97% of weight of a formed electrode after pyrolysis.

A manufacturing method of an electrode assembly capable of easily manufacturing a configuration in which an electrolyte and an active material are bonded to each other. A step of supplying, solidifying, and crystallizing a solid electrolyte including Li.sub.2+XC.sub.1XB.sub.XO.sub.3 (X represents a real number equal to or greater than 0 and smaller than 1), so as to be in contact with an active material aggregate including a communication hole between active material particles, is included. In a case where the solid electrolyte is melted, the solid electrolyte is heated in a range of 650 degrees to 900 degrees.

A manufacturing method of an electrode assembly capable of easily manufacturing a configuration in which an electrolyte and an active material are bonded to each other. A step of supplying, solidifying, and crystallizing a solid electrolyte including Li.sub.2+XC.sub.1XB.sub.XO.sub.3 (X represents a real number equal to or greater than 0 and smaller than 1), so as to be in contact with an active material aggregate including a communication hole between active material particles, is included. In a case where the solid electrolyte is melted, the solid electrolyte is heated in a range of 650 degrees to 900 degrees.

A primary battery includes a cathode having a non-stoichiometric metal oxide including transition metals Ni, Mn, Co, or a combination of metal atoms, an alkali metal, and hydrogen; an anode; a separator between the cathode and the anode; and an alkaline electrolyte.

A primary battery includes a cathode having a non-stoichiometric metal oxide including transition metals Ni, Mn, Co, or a combination of metal atoms, an alkali metal, and hydrogen; an anode; a separator between the cathode and the anode; and an alkaline electrolyte.

An anode for a fluoride ion electrochemical cell is provided and includes a layered material of hard carbon, nitrogen doped graphite, boron doped graphite, TiS.sub.2, MoS.sub.2, TiSe.sub.2, MoSe.sub.2, VS.sub.2, VSe.sub.2, electrides of alkali earth metal nitrides, electrides of metal carbides, or combinations thereof. The anode may be included in a fluoride ion electrochemical cell, which additionally includes a cathode and a fluoride ion electrolyte arranged between the cathode and the anode. At least one of the cathode and the anode reversibly exchange the fluoride ions with the electrolyte during charging or discharging of the electrochemical cell.

An anode for a fluoride ion electrochemical cell is provided and includes a layered material of hard carbon, nitrogen doped graphite, boron doped graphite, TiS.sub.2, MoS.sub.2, TiSe.sub.2, MoSe.sub.2, VS.sub.2, VSe.sub.2, electrides of alkali earth metal nitrides, electrides of metal carbides, or combinations thereof. The anode may be included in a fluoride ion electrochemical cell, which additionally includes a cathode and a fluoride ion electrolyte arranged between the cathode and the anode. At least one of the cathode and the anode reversibly exchange the fluoride ions with the electrolyte during charging or discharging of the electrochemical cell.

Alkaline electrochemical cells are provided, containing cathodes with a nickel compound active material, wherein active material particles are coated with at least one of a number of materials so as to improve the shelf life of the electrochemical cell. Methods of preparing such cathodes and electrochemical cells are also provided.

Alkaline electrochemical cells are provided, containing cathodes with a nickel compound active material, wherein active material particles are coated with at least one of a number of materials so as to improve the shelf life of the electrochemical cell. Methods of preparing such cathodes and electrochemical cells are also provided.