A material transferring apparatus for battery manufacturing includes a support unit having a support region for supporting a moving object and having a first contact surface, a moving unit having a second contact surface in contact with the support unit and moving the support unit, and coupling units provided on the support unit and the moving unit, respectively, and contacting each other before the first contact surface and the second contact surface come into contact with each other.

A secondary battery includes an electrode assembly having a first electrode tab protruding from a first side of the electrode assembly and a second electrode tab protruding from a second side of the electrode assembly; a case accommodating the electrode assembly and having a first opening at one side of the case and a second opening at another side of the case; a first terminal electrically coupled to the first electrode tab of the electrode assembly; a first cap plate sealing the first opening of the case and exposing the first terminal to the outside; a second terminal electrically coupled to the second electrode tab of the electrode assembly; and a second cap plate sealing the second opening of the case and exposing the second terminal to the outside, wherein the first electrode tab and the second electrode tab have bent portions.

An electrolyte solution for a lithium secondary battery includes an organic solvent, a lithium salt, and a fluorine-based additive in which a terminal difluoro-phosphite group (—OPF.sub.2) is bonded to a branched saturated hydrocarbon group. The fluorine-based additive prevent side reactions in the electrolyte solution to improve stability of a cathode active material.

An electrolyte solution for a lithium secondary battery includes an organic solvent, a lithium salt, and a fluorine-based additive in which a terminal difluoro-phosphite group (—OPF.sub.2) is bonded to a branched saturated hydrocarbon group. The fluorine-based additive prevent side reactions in the electrolyte solution to improve stability of a cathode active material.

A cylindrical secondary battery includes: an electrode assembly including a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate; a can having a bottom portion and a cylindrical side portion, accommodating the electrode assembly, and electrically connected to the first electrode plate; and a cap assembly. The cap assembly includes: a cap plate coupled to one end of the side portion of the can and electrically connected to the second electrode plate; a gasket insulating the cap plate and the side portion from each other; and a sub-plate covering at least a portion of the cap plate and at least a top portion of the side portion.

A cylindrical secondary battery includes: an electrode assembly including a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate; a can having a bottom portion and a cylindrical side portion, accommodating the electrode assembly, and electrically connected to the first electrode plate; and a cap assembly. The cap assembly includes: a cap plate coupled to one end of the side portion of the can and electrically connected to the second electrode plate; a gasket insulating the cap plate and the side portion from each other; and a sub-plate covering at least a portion of the cap plate and at least a top portion of the side portion.

A unit stack-cell structure and an all-solid-state secondary battery including the same, the unit stack-cell structure includes a plurality of stacked unit cells, each unit cell of the plurality of stacked unit cells including a laminate in which a cathode layer; a solid electrolyte layer; an anode layer; and an elastic layer are sequentially arranged, wherein the elastic layer has a compressive strength of greater than or equal to about 0.28 MPa and less than about 0.6 MPa in a compressibility interval in a range of about 40% to about 70%.

A battery pack may include a first battery cell type and a second battery cell type, wherein the first battery cell type may include n first battery cells, and the second battery cell type may include m second battery cells, with n and m being each independently selected from an integer of 1 or more, wherein the second battery cell may have a discharge power at −20° C. greater than that of the first battery cell, the difference in discharge power at −20° C. between the second battery cells and the first battery cells being ≥10 W; the percentage by number of the first battery cells in the battery cells comprised in area A may be 20% to 100%, and the percentage by number of the second battery cells in the battery cells comprised in the area B may be 5% to 100%.

A battery pack may include a first battery cell type and a second battery cell type, wherein the first battery cell type may include n first battery cells, and the second battery cell type may include m second battery cells, with n and m being each independently selected from an integer of 1 or more, wherein the second battery cell may have a discharge power at −20° C. greater than that of the first battery cell, the difference in discharge power at −20° C. between the second battery cells and the first battery cells being ≥10 W; the percentage by number of the first battery cells in the battery cells comprised in area A may be 20% to 100%, and the percentage by number of the second battery cells in the battery cells comprised in the area B may be 5% to 100%.

An electrode layer for an all-solid state battery contains an electrode active material, a sulfide solid electrolyte, and a residual liquid, where the residual liquid has a δ.sub.P of less than 2.9 MPa.sup.½ in a Hansen solubility parameter and a boiling point of 190° C. or higher.