A battery module includes a partition wall and a thermal insulation layer for thermal runaway prevention, and more particularly a battery module is configured such that a cell module assembly includes two or more cell stacks, in each of which a plurality of battery cells is stacked in a vertical direction, is received in a space portion defined in a protective case and such that one more partition walls are provided in at least one of between neighboring ones of the cell stacks and between the cell stacks and the protective case.

An energy storage system includes a cabinet, an air conditioner, a battery energy storage unit, and an air duct. The air conditioner is fastened to the cabinet. The air conditioner includes an air supply vent and an air return vent. The battery energy storage unit is accommodated in the cabinet. A first channel and a second channel that are separated are formed between the battery energy storage unit and an inner wall of the cabinet. The second channel is connected to the air return vent. The battery energy storage unit includes an air intake vent and an air exhaust vent. The air intake vent is connected to the first channel. The air exhaust vent is connected to the second channel. The air duct is accommodated in the second passage.

An energy storage system includes a cabinet, an air conditioner, a battery energy storage unit, and an air duct. The air conditioner is fastened to the cabinet. The air conditioner includes an air supply vent and an air return vent. The battery energy storage unit is accommodated in the cabinet. A first channel and a second channel that are separated are formed between the battery energy storage unit and an inner wall of the cabinet. The second channel is connected to the air return vent. The battery energy storage unit includes an air intake vent and an air exhaust vent. The air intake vent is connected to the first channel. The air exhaust vent is connected to the second channel. The air duct is accommodated in the second passage.

A power supply device includes battery cells each having a rectangular external shape, a separator disposed between the battery cells, a pair of end plates that are disposed on respective ends of a battery assembly in which the separator and the battery cells are stacked, and a bind bar that binds the pair of end plates. The separator has insulating rib parts that protrude from both surfaces of the separator, and the insulating rib parts of the separator stacked on each surface of the battery cell are stacked on each other on a bottom surface of the battery cell. The insulating rib parts are stacked on each other on the bottom surface of the battery cell by inserting an insertion rib provided in one of the stacked insulating rib parts into an insertion groove provided in the other of the stacked insulating rib parts.

A battery pack includes a means configured to, when an abnormal phenomenon, such as fire outbreak or heat generation, occurs in a battery cell, prevent fire or heat from propagating to another battery cell adjacent thereto. The battery pack includes a plurality of battery cells, a case configured to receive the plurality of battery cells, an energy discharging means configured to discharge energy of the battery pack when the abnormal phenomenon occurs, and a fire extinguishing means configured to discharge aerosol at an operating temperature or higher in order to extinguish flames generated in the battery pack.

An energy storage apparatus includes a cabinet, cyclic cooling units, a support, battery modules, and an air supply duct. The support is fastened in an inner cavity of the cabinet, the battery modules are fastened on the support, and the support and the battery modules jointly separate the inner cavity into an air intake region and an air return region. A heat dissipation duct communicating with the air intake region and the air return region is disposed in the battery module. The cyclic cooling unit is located outside the cabinet and includes an air inlet vent and an air return vent. One end of the air supply duct communicates with the air inlet vent, and the other end of the air supply duct communicates with the air intake region. The air return vent communicates with the air return region.

Integrated energy storage system including a thermal energy storage coupled with a liquid metal battery storage and a cryogenic energy storage and related methods are described. An example integrated energy storage system includes a liquid metal battery storage, a cryogenic energy storage configured to store energy using a liquefied cryogen, a thermal energy storage, and a control system. The control system is configured to cause selective transfer of heat from the thermal energy storage to at least one battery unit associated with the liquid metal battery storage. The control system is configured to during a first mode associated with the cryogenic energy storage, cause selective transfer of heat from the cryogenic energy storage to the thermal energy storage. The control system is configured to during a second mode associated with the cryogenic energy storage, cause selective transfer of heat from the thermal energy storage to the cryogenic energy storage.

An energy storage apparatus includes at least one battery rack having at least two battery packs; a container configured to accommodate the at least one battery rack; and an air conditioner provided with a coolant supply part, which includes at least two blowout units respectively having a nozzle with a discharge hole through which a coolant is discharged and configured to individually switch a discharge direction of the coolant, toward any, one of the at least two battery packs and individually increase or decrease a discharge amount of the coolant and a control unit configured to adjust the discharge direction and the discharge amount of the coolant of each of the at least two blowout units, and a coolant suction part configured to suck a heated coolant inside the container.

A fire-resistant energy storage device includes a fire-resistant chassis, one or more energy storage elements housed in the fire-resistant chassis, and a heat exchanger configured to (a) cool the one or more energy storage elements and (b) protect the one or more energy storage elements from a fire external to the fire-resistant energy storage device. An energy storage assembly includes (a) a plurality of physically separate fire-resistant energy storage devices, each of the plurality of physically separate fire-resistant energy storage devices being configured to protect one or more energy storage elements of the fire-resistant energy storage device from a fire external to the fire-resistant energy storage device, and (b) at least one power converter configured to electrically interface the plurality of physically separate fire-resistant energy storage devices with an electric power buss.

A fire-resistant energy storage device includes a fire-resistant chassis, one or more energy storage elements housed in the fire-resistant chassis, and a heat exchanger configured to (a) cool the one or more energy storage elements and (b) protect the one or more energy storage elements from a fire external to the fire-resistant energy storage device. An energy storage assembly includes (a) a plurality of physically separate fire-resistant energy storage devices, each of the plurality of physically separate fire-resistant energy storage devices being configured to protect one or more energy storage elements of the fire-resistant energy storage device from a fire external to the fire-resistant energy storage device, and (b) at least one power converter configured to electrically interface the plurality of physically separate fire-resistant energy storage devices with an electric power buss.