Systems and methods for storing energy for use by an electric vehicle are disclosed. Systems can include an electric vehicle battery pack including a rack configured to couple a plurality of independently removable battery strings to the vehicle, the battery strings configured to be selectively coupled in parallel to a vehicle power bus. The battery strings may include a housing, a plurality of electrochemical cells disposed within the housing, a circuit for electrically connecting the electrochemical cells, a positive high-voltage connector, a negative high-voltage connector, a switch within the housing, and a string control unit configured to control the switch. Each battery string can include a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet configured to couple with and sealingly uncouple from an external coolant supply conduit and an external coolant return conduit, and an auxiliary connector configured to couple with an external communications system and/or an external low-voltage power supply.

A thermal runaway barrier for at least significantly slowing down a thermal runaway event within a battery assembly. The thermal runaway barrier consisting essentially of a single-layer of a nonwoven fibrous thermal insulation comprising a fiber matrix of inorganic fibers, thermally insulative inorganic particles dispersed within the fiber matrix, and a binder dispersed within the fiber matrix so as to hold together the fiber matrix. An optional organic encapsulation layer may also be used to encapsulate the nonwoven fibrous thermal insulation.

A thermal runaway barrier for at least significantly slowing down a thermal runaway event within a battery assembly. The thermal runaway barrier consisting essentially of a single-layer of a nonwoven fibrous thermal insulation comprising a fiber matrix of inorganic fibers, thermally insulative inorganic particles dispersed within the fiber matrix, and a binder dispersed within the fiber matrix so as to hold together the fiber matrix. An optional organic encapsulation layer may also be used to encapsulate the nonwoven fibrous thermal insulation.

A battery module includes a plurality of battery cells; an accommodation part to surround circumferences of the battery cells and having an accommodation space therein in which the battery cells are accommodated, the accommodation part having opened upper and lower portions; a cooling fluid supply part connected to one side of the accommodation part to supply a cooling fluid into the accommodation part; a cooling fluid discharge part connected to the other side of the accommodation part to discharge the cooling fluid within the accommodation part; a first blocking part above the accommodation part to block the opened upper portion of the accommodation part; and a second blocking part below the accommodation part to block the opened lower portion of the accommodation part and support the battery cells. A path through which the cooling fluid supplied into the accommodation space flows is defined between the battery cells.

A battery module includes a plurality of battery cells; an accommodation part to surround circumferences of the battery cells and having an accommodation space therein in which the battery cells are accommodated, the accommodation part having opened upper and lower portions; a cooling fluid supply part connected to one side of the accommodation part to supply a cooling fluid into the accommodation part; a cooling fluid discharge part connected to the other side of the accommodation part to discharge the cooling fluid within the accommodation part; a first blocking part above the accommodation part to block the opened upper portion of the accommodation part; and a second blocking part below the accommodation part to block the opened lower portion of the accommodation part and support the battery cells. A path through which the cooling fluid supplied into the accommodation space flows is defined between the battery cells.

An energy storage system includes at least one battery rack and an anti-explosion housing hermetically accommodating the at least one battery rack to increase fire or explosion safety of the battery rack.

An energy storage system includes at least one battery rack and an anti-explosion housing hermetically accommodating the at least one battery rack to increase fire or explosion safety of the battery rack.

An apparatus is provided for remotely powering an implantable medical device (IMD) positioned at a target treatment location within a patient. The apparatus is configured to be positioned at or near an external skin surface of the patient in proximity to the target treatment location. The apparatus includes an induction coil which, when placed in proximity to the IMD, forms an inductive transcutaneous power link with the IMD such that when the induction coil is supplied with a current, the induction coil inductively and transcutaneously delivers power to the IMD. An aerogel layer is disposed between the induction coil and the patient's skin surface. The aerogel layer is configured to receive heat generated from the induction coil and regulate heat dissipation from the aerogel layer to minimize heat transfer to the patient.

An apparatus is provided for remotely powering an implantable medical device (IMD) positioned at a target treatment location within a patient. The apparatus is configured to be positioned at or near an external skin surface of the patient in proximity to the target treatment location. The apparatus includes an induction coil which, when placed in proximity to the IMD, forms an inductive transcutaneous power link with the IMD such that when the induction coil is supplied with a current, the induction coil inductively and transcutaneously delivers power to the IMD. An aerogel layer is disposed between the induction coil and the patient's skin surface. The aerogel layer is configured to receive heat generated from the induction coil and regulate heat dissipation from the aerogel layer to minimize heat transfer to the patient.

A battery module prevents heat transfer between cell module assemblies in the battery module and includes a plurality of cell module assemblies and module plates. Each of the cell module assemblies includes a plurality of battery cells and an individual housing configured to receive the plurality of battery cells, the individual housing includes an upper plate located at the upper part of the plurality of battery cells, a lower plate located at the lower part of the plurality of battery cells, and two side plates located at opposite side surfaces of the plurality of battery cells, the two side plates being configured to connect the upper plate and the lower plate to each other, excluding a front and a rear of the plurality of battery cells, from which electrode leads protrude.