A frame coding unit generates individual picture signal information from a moving picture signal, and outputs a frame code value which is a numeric value to be obtained as a result of coding picture signal information of each frame. A variable length coding unit decomposes the frame code value into unit frame code values which are basic units of coding, converts the unit frame code values into frame code words using only a single code table, and constructs a frame stream by combining the converted frame code words. A multiplexing unit multiplexes a header stream which is constructed through a method equivalent to a conventional method and the frame stream, and constructs a picture coded signal.

A frame coding unit generates individual picture signal information from a moving picture signal, and outputs a frame code value which is a numeric value to be obtained as a result of coding picture signal information of each frame. A variable length coding unit decomposes the frame code value into unit frame code values which are basic units of coding, converts the unit frame code values into frame code words using only a single code table, and constructs a frame stream by combining the converted frame code words. A multiplexing unit multiplexes a header stream which is constructed through a method equivalent to a conventional method and the frame stream, and constructs a picture coded signal.

A device includes a processor and a checksum module, wherein the checksum module calculates, for first data, an updated checksum that complies with Internet Engineering Task Force Request For Comments Number 1624 using twos-complement arithmetic. The processor replaces the original checksum with the updated checksum to update a data packet.

A device includes a processor and a checksum module, wherein the checksum module calculates, for first data, an updated checksum that complies with Internet Engineering Task Force Request For Comments Number 1624 using twos-complement arithmetic. The processor replaces the original checksum with the updated checksum to update a data packet.

A device includes a processor and a checksum module, wherein the checksum module calculates, for first data, an updated checksum that complies with Internet Engineering Task Force Request For Comments Number 1624 using twos-complement arithmetic. The processor replaces the original checksum with the updated checksum to update a data packet.

A device includes a processor and a checksum module, wherein the checksum module calculates, for first data, an updated checksum that complies with Internet Engineering Task Force Request For Comments Number 1624 using twos-complement arithmetic. The processor replaces the original checksum with the updated checksum to update a data packet.

Methods and apparatus related to enhanced Cyclical Redundancy Check (CRC) circuit based on Galois-Field arithmetic are described. In one embodiment, a plurality of exclusive OR logic include first exclusive OR logic and second exclusive OR logic. First Galois Field multiplier logic multiplies a first output from the first exclusive OR logic and a first portion of a plurality of portions of the input data. Second Galois Field multiplier logic multiplies a second output from the second exclusive OR logic and a second portion of the plurality of portions of the input data. Other embodiments are also disclosed and claimed.

A frame coding unit generates individual picture signal information from a moving picture signal, and outputs a frame code value which is a numeric value to be obtained as a result of coding picture signal information of each frame. A variable length coding unit decomposes the frame code value into unit frame code values which are basic units of coding, converts the unit frame code values into frame code words using only a single code table, and constructs a frame stream by combining the converted frame code words. A multiplexing unit multiplexes a header stream which is constructed through a method equivalent to a conventional method and the frame stream, and constructs a picture coded signal.

A frame coding unit generates individual picture signal information from a moving picture signal, and outputs a frame code value which is a numeric value to be obtained as a result of coding picture signal information of each frame. A variable length coding unit decomposes the frame code value into unit frame code values which are basic units of coding, converts the unit frame code values into frame code words using only a single code table, and constructs a frame stream by combining the converted frame code words. A multiplexing unit multiplexes a header stream which is constructed through a method equivalent to a conventional method and the frame stream, and constructs a picture coded signal.

A frame coding unit generates individual picture signal information from a moving picture signal, and outputs a frame code value which is a numeric value to be obtained as a result of coding picture signal information of each frame. A variable length coding unit decomposes the frame code value into unit frame code values which are basic units of coding, converts the unit frame code values into frame code words using only a single code table, and constructs a frame stream by combining the converted frame code words. A multiplexing unit multiplexes a header stream which is constructed through a method equivalent to a conventional method and the frame stream, and constructs a picture coded signal.