Failure light emission of an EL element due to failure film formation of an organic EL material in an electrode hole 46 is improved. By forming the organic EL material after embedding an insulator in an electrode hole 46 on a pixel electrode and forming a protective portion 41b, failure film formation in the electrode hole 46 can be prevented. This can prevent concentration of electric current due to a short circuit between a cathode and an anode of the EL element, and can prevent failure light emission of an EL layer.

The present disclosure relates to a method of printing multi-nanoparticles using evaporation dynamics and surface energy control, the method includes: a step S1 of forming a pattern on a surface of a substrate by irradiating ultraviolet rays to a portion of the surface through a photomask; a step S2 of coating the substrate with a solution containing nanoparticles; and a step S3 of lowering surface energy of the coated nanoparticles.

An organic optoelectronic component and a method for operating an organic optoelectronic component are disclosed. In an embodiment an organic optoelectronic component includes an organic light emitting element including an organic functional layer stack having an organic light emitting layer between two electrodes and an organic light detecting element including a first organic light detecting element including a first organic light detecting layer, and a second organic light detecting element including a second organic light detecting layer, wherein the organic light emitting element and the organic light detecting element are arranged laterally adjacent on a common substrate, wherein the first organic light detecting element is configured to detect ambient light, wherein the second organic light detecting layer of the second organic light detecting element is arranged between two non-transparent layers, the non-transparent layers shade the second organic light detecting layer of the second organic light detecting element from ambient light.

Red-emitting platinum (II) Schiff base complexes with high emission quantum efficiency are prepared. These materials can be used to fabricate OLEDs.

Various light emitting diode device embodiments that include emissive material elements, e.g., core-shell quantum dots, that are either (i) provided in nanoscale holes provided in an insulating layer positioned between an electron supply/transport layer and a hole supply/transport layer, or (ii) provided on a suspension layer positioned above and covering a nanoscale hole in such an insulating layer. Also, various methods of making such light emitting diode devices, including lithographic and non-lithographic methods.

The present invention provides a quantum dot (QD) composite material, a preparation method, and a semiconductor device. The method includes synthesizing a first compound at a predetermined position, synthesizing a second compound on the surface of the first compound, the second compound and the first compound having a same alloy composition or having different alloy compositions, and forming the QD composite material through a cation exchange reaction between the first compound and the second compound. The light-emission peak wavelength of the QD composite material experiences one or more of a blue-shift, a red-shift, and no-shift. The method uses the QD successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) synthesis method to precisely control layer-by-layer QD growth and the QD one-step synthesis method to form a composition-gradient transition shell. The QD composite materials prepared by the disclosed method not only achieve higher light-emitting efficiency, but also meet the comprehensive requirements of semiconductor devices and corresponding display technologies on QD composite materials.

A copolymer, including a structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 1, a structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 2, or a combination thereof:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, X.sub.1, X.sub.2, and Ar.sub.1 are as provided herein.

Provided are systems, compositions and methods that useful in any setting where generating and tracking light is used. The systems, methods and compositions contain as a component flexible, transparent membrane-based materials that include light emitting diodes (LEDs). The LEDs can include or be formed from colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) as an active layer. The CQDs can be formed from solution-processed semiconductor nanocrystals. They have a tunable band gap energy that can be readily tuned by adjusting the size of the nanocrystals. Transparent membrane-based LED arrays exhibit emission wavelength that can be tuned anywhere in the range of 800-2000 nm. The LEDs are highly transparent in the visible wavelength range with the exception of the CQD active layer. The CQD-based LEDs are components of any device or system wherein generating and/or tracking reflected light is utilized, such as in tracing the location and movement of a living individual, or an inanimate object. Also provided are garments used in movement tracking, and imaging devices, which include cameras and microscopes, and systems for volume capture, body motion tracking, eye tracking systems and devices, motion capture systems, simulcam technologies, computer generated characters, holograms, eye wear, such as glasses, goggles, and virtual reality headsets, and medical devices that involve imaging, such as devices that involve imaging of the eye for diagnosing and/or treating eye disorders.

The present disclosure provides a quantum dot (QD) light emitting diode including: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; a QD emitting material layer positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode and including a QD and an organic material; a hole auxiliary layer positioned between the first electrode and the QD emitting material layer; and an electron auxiliary layer positioned between the QD emitting material layer and the second electrode, wherein the organic material has a highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level higher than a material of the hole auxiliary layer.

A light-emitting element is provided with an anode, a light-emitting layer including quantum dots, and a cathode. The light-emitting element includes: an electron transport layer provided between the cathode and the light-emitting layer; and a hole tunneling insulating layer provided between the anode and the light-emitting layer and in contact with the anode and the light-emitting layer.