An object of the present invention is to provide a laminated piezoelectric element in which piezoelectric films are laminated, capable of easily performing connection of an electrode layer of each piezoelectric film and an external device. The piezoelectric film includes a piezoelectric layer and a laminated sheet in which an electrode layer and a protective layer are laminated, piezoelectric layers are arranged between the laminated sheets facing the electrode layer, the laminated sheet includes a protruding portion protruding from the piezoelectric layer, the protruding portion is provided with a lead-out wire attached to a surface between the electrode layer and the protective layer, and the object is achieved by contacting the lead-out wire and connecting electrode layers having a same polarity of each piezoelectric film.

In an electronic component, an outer electrode includes a sintered layer including a sintered metal, a reinforcement layer not containing Sn but including Cu or Ni, an insulation layer, and a Sn-containing layer. The sintered layer extends from each end surface of an element assembly onto at least one main surface thereof to cover each end surface of the element assembly. The reinforcement layer extends on the sintered layer and covers the sintered layer entirely. The insulation layer is directly provided on the reinforcement layer at each end surface of the element assembly, extends in a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to a side surface of the element assembly, and defines a portion of a surface of the outer electrode. The Sn-containing layer covers the reinforcement layer except for a portion of the reinforcement layer that is covered by the insulation layer, and defines another portion of the surface of the outer electrode.

Provided in accordance with the herein described exemplary embodiments are piezo micro-machined ultrasonic transducers (pMUTs) each having a first electrode that includes a first electrode portion and a second electrode portion. The second electrode portion is separately operable from the first electrode portion. A second electrode is spaced apart from the first electrode and defines a space between the first electrode and the second electrode. A piezoelectric material is disposed in the space. Also provided are arrays of pMUTs wherein individual pMUTs have first electrode portions operably associated with array rows and second electrode portions operably associated with array columns.

There are provided a piezoelectric element in which the peeling of a surface electrode is suppressed, and a piezoelectric vibrating device, a portable terminal, an acoustic generator, an acoustic generating device and an electronic apparatus including the same. A piezoelectric actuator includes a piezoelectric element including a plate-shaped stacked body including inner electrodes and piezoelectric layers laminated, a surface electrode disposed on one of main surfaces of the stacked body, the surface electrode being electrically connected to the inner electrodes. The surface electrode has a first area and a second area. The first area is an area mainly containing silver, and the second area is an area mainly containing silver and palladium and disposed so as to contact a piezoelectric layer.

A piezoelectric element includes: a stacked body in which internal electrodes and piezoelectric layers are laminated; surface electrodes disposed at least on one principal face of the stacked body; and side electrodes disposed on a side face of the stacked body, the internal electrodes extending to the side face, the side electrodes electrically connecting the internal electrodes extending to the side face and the surface electrodes. The internal electrodes each includes a first primary electrode having an active region and a led-out region extending to the side face of the stacked body, the internal electrodes each including a first secondary electrode, the first primary electrodes being disposed in inter-piezoelectric layer regions, the first secondary electrodes being disposed in the inter-piezoelectric layer regions so as to be apart from the led-out regions of the first primary electrodes, and the first secondary electrode is connected to one of the side electrodes.

In an electronic component, a first outer electrode includes a first conductive layer provided on a first end surface. A second outer electrode includes a second conductive layer provided on a second end surface. A first inner electrode passes through the first conductive layer. A second inner electrode passes through the second conductive layer.

A vibrational multi-morph piezoelectric energy harvester includes a composite shim having a parallelepiped form with a thickness dimension made smaller than width and length dimensions, and having a stiffness shifting from one extremity to the other extremity to minimize mechanical constraints developed at a clamping area; a seismic mass mounted at an end opposite to the clamping area to mechanically match the system to the surrounding vibration resonance; one or more piezoelectric layers laminated on said composite shim; and electrodes plated onto the one or more piezoelectric layers for connection to an electronic harvesting circuit, a battery, or a super capacitor.

An object of the present invention is to provide a piezoelectric film capable of preventing a short circuit caused by electrodes protruding from a piezoelectric layer in the piezoelectric film having electrode layers and protective layers on both surfaces of the piezoelectric layer, and a method of producing the piezoelectric film. The object can be achieved by the piezoelectric film that includes a laminated film including a piezoelectric layer, an electrode layer provided on each of both surfaces of the piezoelectric layer, and a protective layer covering the electrode layer, and an insulating end surface coating layer which covers at least a part of an end surface of the laminated film.

A tactile reproduction device, a method for driving the same, and a tactile reproduction apparatus. Tactile reproduction device may simulate textures to implement tactile reproduction. tactile reproduction device includes a plurality of piezoelectric units, includes: first electrode, piezoelectric section, and second electrode which are laminated, wherein the second electrode includes: first comb electrode and second comb electrode; the first comb electrode includes: a plurality of first comb-teeth electrodes and a first comb-shank electrode connecting the plurality of first comb-teeth electrodes; the second comb electrode includes: a plurality of second comb-teeth electrodes and a second comb-shank electrode connecting the plurality of second comb-teeth electrodes; the plurality of first comb-teeth electrodes and the plurality of second comb-teeth electrodes are mutually intersected; the first electrode includes a plurality of electrode units which are not connected to each other. The present disclosure is applicable to the production of tactile reproduction devices.

A bender beam actuator includes a first layer of piezoelectric material and a second layer of piezoelectric material overlying a portion of the first layer of piezoelectric material, where a length of the first layer of piezoelectric material is at least 2% greater than a length of the second layer of piezoelectric material.