An embodiment of a semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate that includes a host substrate, a buffer layer that includes at least one additional layer formed over the substrate, a channel layer formed over the buffer layer, a barrier layer formed over the channel layer forming a channel, a gate electrode disposed over the substrate electrically coupled to the channel, and an ohmic contact recessed into the barrier layer. A method for fabricating the semiconductor device includes forming a semiconductor substrate that includes a mixed crystal layer, creating an isolation region that defines an active region along an upper surface of the semiconductor substrate, forming a gate electrode over the semiconductor substrate in the active region, and recessing an ohmic contact into the semiconductor substrate.

The present disclosure advances the art by providing a method and system for forming electronic devices. In particular, and by example only, methods are described for forming devices for harvesting energy in the terahertz frequency range on flexible substrates, wherein the methods provide favorable accuracy in registration of the various device elements and facilitate low-cost R2R manufacturing

A semiconductor device and method of making a conductive connector is provided. In an embodiment an opening is formed within a photoresist by adjusting the center point of an in-focus area during the exposure process. Once the photoresist has been developed to form an opening, an after development baking process is utilized to reshape the opening. Once reshaped, a conductive material is formed into the opening to take on the shape of the opening.

A method for forming openings in an underlayer includes: forming a photoresist layer on an underlayer formed on a substrate; exposing the photoresist layer; forming photoresist patterns by developing the exposed photoresist layer, the photoresist patterns covering regions of the underlayer in which the openings are to be formed; forming a liquid layer over the photoresist patterns; after forming the liquid layer, performing a baking process so as to convert the liquid layer to an organic layer in a solid form; performing an etching back process to remove a portion of the organic layer on a level above the photoresist patterns; removing the photoresist patterns, so as to expose portions of the underlayer by the remaining portion of the organic layer; forming the openings in the underlayer by using the remaining portion of the organic layer as an etching mask; and removing the remaining portion of the organic layer.

Deep reactive ion etching is essential for creating high aspect ratio micro-structures for microelectromechanical systems, sensors and actuators, and emerging flexible electronics. A novel hybrid dual soft/hard mask bilayer may be deposited during semiconductor manufacturing for deep reactive etches. Such a manufacturing process may include depositing a first mask material on a substrate; depositing a second mask material on the first mask material; depositing a third mask material on the second mask material; patterning the third mask material with a pattern corresponding to one or more trenches for transfer to the substrate; transferring the pattern from the third mask material to the second mask material; transferring the pattern from the second mask material to the first mask material; and/or transferring the pattern from the first mask material to the substrate.

A semiconductor device manufacturing method includes: forming an electrode including an Ni layer and an Au layer successively stacked on a semiconductor layer; forming a Ni oxide film by performing heat treatment to the electrode at a temperature of 350 C. or more to deposit Ni at least at a part of a surface of the Au layer and to oxidize the deposited Ni; and forming an insulating film in contact with the Ni oxide film and containing Si.

The invention disclosed a method for manufacturing an electrode of a semiconductor device, comprising: forming a first interlayer dielectric layer having a first opening on a first surface of a semiconductor substrate; forming a first resist mask having a second opening on a surface of the first interlayer dielectric layer, wherein the first opening and the second opening are connected to form a first stacked opening; forming a first conductive layer on the first resist mask, wherein the first conductive layer comprises a first portion being located on a surface of the first resist mask and a second portion being located inside the first stacked opening; and removing the first resist mask, wherein the first portion of the first conductive layer is removed together with the first resist mask, and the second portion of the first conductive layer is retained as a first surface electrode.

A transistor device includes one or more conductive structures on which a cladding layer is formed, where the cladding layer has low miscibility with conductive material of the conductive structures at temperatures below a threshold. Such conductive structures may include gate (control) electrodes or drain and source (current-carrying) electrodes. Forming such a cladded conductive structure for a transistor device may include forming photoresist layers on a substrate, selectively patterning the photoresist layers to form openings therein, forming conductive material over the photoresist layers and on the substrate in openings in the photoresist layers, and forming a cladding layer over the conductive material, then preforming a lift-off process in which the photoresist layers are removed along with portions of the conductive material and cladding layer that are not disposed in the openings in the photoresist layers.

An excellent method of manufacturing a patterned substrate which is capable of easily patterning an insulation layer to provide a patterned substrate even when a difficult-to-etch material is used for the insulation layer, a patterned substrate obtained thereby, and a patterned substrate intermediate thereof are provided. The method of manufacturing a patterned substrate with the insulation layer and an electrode layer stacked in this order on a substrate comprising: forming an organic resist material layer; irradiating the organic resist material layer with radiation or an electromagnetic wave of a wavelength of 10 to 780 nm and developing the organic resist material layer to form a first patterning layer; and removing the first patterning layer.

A lower resist (2) is applied on a semiconductor substrate (1). An upper resist (3) is applied on the lower resist (2). A first opening (4) is formed in the upper resist (3) by exposure and development and the lower resist (2) is dissolved with a developer upon the development to form a second opening (5) having a width wider than that of the first opening (4) below the first opening (4) so that a resist pattern (6) in a shape of an eave having an undercut is formed. Baking is performed to thermally shrink the upper resist (3) to bent an eave portion (7) of the upper resist (3) upward. After the baking, a metal film (8) is formed on the resist pattern (6) and on the semiconductor substrate (1) exposed at the second opening (5). The resist pattern (6) and the metal film (8) is removed on the resist pattern (6) and the metal film (8) is left on the semiconductor substrate (1) as an electrode (9).