Provided is a solar cell and a photovoltaic module. The solar cell includes a semiconductor substrate and an electrode arranged on the semiconductor substrate. The electrode includes a plurality of fingers arranged in parallel to and spaced apart from each other. Each finger includes a transport electrode line and a plurality of electrical connection electrode lines in contact with the transport electrode line. In a thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate, a plurality of fingers on a light receiving surface of the semiconductor substrate are staggered with a plurality of fingers on a backlight surface of the semiconductor substrate.

A light concentrator based on a quantum dot may include a resin film layer in which quantum dots are dispersed, an upper layer in contact with an upper surface of the resin film layer, and a lower layer in contact with a lower surface of the resin film layer. Each of the upper layer and the lower layer may be selected from a glass layer or a polymer layer. A photovoltaic module may include the quantum dot-based light concentrator. By optimally adjusting the longest wavelength of the quantum dots, the average transmittance of the glass layer, the material of the polymer layer, and the cross-sectional aspect ratio (length/thickness) of the light concentrator, it is possible to maximize the efficiency of the quantum dot-based light concentrator and increase the efficiency of the photovoltaic module including the light concentrator.

The present disclosure relates to structural bonding compositions and attachment brackets, and their use in photovoltaic solar modules. Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to methods of affixing an attachment bracket to a solar module during the lamination step used to manufacture the module.

The invention relates to a layer element comprising at least two layers (A) and (B), wherein layer (B) has a has a total luminous transmittance of at least 80.0%, an article, preferably abifacial photovoltaic module, comprising said layer element, a process for preparing said layer element, a process for preparing a photovoltaic module comprising said layer element and the use of said layer element as integrated backsheet element of a bifacial photovoltaic module.

The present disclosure provides a window unit for a building or structure. The window unit is arranged for generating electricity and comprises a panel having an area that is transparent for at least a portion of visible light and having a light receiving surface for receiving light from a light incident direction. The window unit further comprises at least one series of solar cells, each solar cell being a bifacial solar cell and having opposite first and second surfaces each having an area in which light can be absorbed to generate electricity, the solar cells being positioned such that in use the first surfaces are oriented to receive light from the light incident direction and the second surfaces receive light from an opposite direction.

A photovoltaic module includes front and back sealing layers and at least one photovoltaic cell positioned located therebetween. A moisture resistant layer provided between the first and second sealing layers extends around a portion of a perimeter of the at least one photovoltaic cell. A moisture barrier structure including moisture barrier particles is operatively connected to the sealing layers. The moisture barrier structure improves the moisture resistance of the sealing layer and decreases the water vapor transmission rate into the photovoltaic module.

A self-adhesive edge-protection tape is intended to improve the protective effect for glass edges. This is achieved by providing an adhesive tape which comprises, in sequence directed towards the substrate to be covered, a backing layer (hard phase) and a soft phase comprising a polymer foam, a viscoelastic composition and/or an elastomeric composition, where the thickness of the hard phase is ≦150 μm, the thickness of the soft phase is ≧200 μm and the ratio of the thickness of the soft phase to the thickness of the hard phase is ≧4. The invention also relates to a solar module which comprises an adhesive tape according to the invention adhesive-bonded around at least one portion of the edges thereof, and the use of the claimed adhesive tape for the protection of edges of a solar module.

The invention features a hot melt composition in the form of a film including from 40% by weight to 80% by weight of a non-functionalized alkyl acrylate, from 14% by weight to 50% by weight of an olefin polymer, from 2% by weight to 15% by weight of a first functionalized polymer comprising a functional group selected from the group consisting of epoxides and carboxylic anhydrides, and from 2% by weight to 15% by weight of a second functionalized polymer comprising a functional group capable of reacting with the functional group of the first functionalized polymer. The hot melt composition in the form of a film has found utility as an encapsulant for thin film photovoltaic modules.

The present disclosure provides a photovoltaic module. In an embodiment, the photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic cell, and a layer composed of a film. The film includes a silane-grafted polyolefin (Si-g-PO) resin composition comprising (i) one or more silane grafted polyolefins and (ii) from greater than 0 wt % to less than 5.0 wt % of a micronized silica gel, based on the total weight of the Si-g-PO resin composition. The film has a glass adhesion greater than or equal to 15 N/mm after aging the film at 40° C. and 0% relative humidity for 60 days as measured in accordance with ASTM F88/88M-09.

An image forming apparatus includes: an operation panel having an operation surface for accepting operations from a user; a photovoltaic module for generating electric power upon reception of light; and a support member for supporting the photovoltaic module in such a way that the photovoltaic module is placed above the operation surface of the operation panel. The photovoltaic module is supported so as to be pivotable relative to the support member.