Provided is a negative electrode material for a secondary battery, which is in a particle form including: a matrix including a silicon oxide, a composite oxide of silicon and one or more doping elements selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and post transition metals, or a mixture thereof; and silicon nanoparticles dispersed and embedded in the matrix, wherein a compressive strength (St) of the particles is 100 MPa or more, and a ratio (A.sub.1/A.sub.2) between an area of a first peak (A.sub.1) and an area of a second peak (A.sub.2) satisfies 0.8 to 6, a diffraction angle 2θ being positioned in a range of 10° to 27.4° in the first peak and being positioned in a range of 28±0.5° in the second peak, in an X-ray diffraction pattern using a CuKα ray.

The present application is generally directed to composites comprising a hard carbon material and an electrochemical modifier. The composite materials find utility in any number of electrical devices, for example, in lithium ion batteries. Methods for making the disclosed composite materials are also disclosed.

Proposed is a method of manufacturing a secondary battery. The method includes inserting an electrode assembly into a pouch, injecting an electrolyte into the pouch and aging, charging the electrode assembly, degassing to discharge gas from the pouch, discharging the electrode assembly, and charging to a shipment charge level. Since an anode active material is added to an anode material of a secondary battery through the method, there is an effect of further enhancing the reliability of the secondary battery in the manufacturing method of the secondary battery.

An electrochemical element includes a current collector, and an active material layer supported on the current collector, wherein the active material layer includes active material particles, the active material particles each include lithium silicate composite particles each including a lithium silicate phase and silicon particles dispersed in the lithium silicate phase, and a first coating that covers at least a portion of a surface of the lithium silicate composite particles, the first coating includes an oxide of a first element other than a non-metal element, the active material layer has a thickness TA, and T1b > T1t is satisfied, where T1b is a thickness of the first coating that covers the lithium silicate composite particles at a position of 0.25TA from the surface of the current collector in the active material layer, and T1t is a thickness of the first coating that covers the lithium silicate composite particles at a position of 0.75TA from the surface of the current collector in the active material layer.

The present invention relates to a positive electrode active material which includes a lithium composite oxide with improved electrochemical properties and stability and a lithium secondary battery including the same, and more particularly, to a positive electrode active material which is improved in electrochemical characteristics and stability by removing at least a part of a coating layer present on the surface of the lithium composite oxide and lithium-containing impurities, and a lithium secondary battery including the same.

An anode active material for a lithium secondary battery includes a carbon-based particle including pores therein, a silicon-containing coating layer formed at an inside the pores of the carbon-based particle or on a surface of the carbon-based particle, and a carbon coating layer formed on the silicon-containing coating layer. A full width at half maximum (FWHM) of an O1s peak of a surface measured by an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is 2.0 or more. A lithium secondary battery including the anode active material having improved initial discharge capacity and capacity efficiency is provided.

Described herein are acidified metal oxide (“AMO”) materials useful in applications such as a battery electrode or photovoltaic component, in which the AMO material is used in conjunction with one or more acidic species. Advantageously, batteries constructed of AMO materials and incorporating acidic species, such as in the electrode or electrolyte components of the battery exhibit improved capacity as compared to a corresponding battery lacking the acidic species.

A secondary battery (10) of the present invention includes at least a positive electrode (11), a negative electrode (12), a separation layer (5) that spatially separates the positive electrode (11) and the negative electrode (12), and an ion conductor that is held between the positive electrode (11) and the negative electrode (12) and has a function of conducting ions between the positive electrode (11) and the negative electrode (12). In addition, in an initial stage of using the secondary battery (10), the secondary battery has a characteristic of a potential decrease rate of the positive electrode (11) immediately before completion of full discharging being larger than a potential increase rate of the negative electrode (12) immediately before the completion of full discharging and a characteristic of a potential increase rate of the positive electrode (11) immediately before completion of full charging being larger than a potential decrease rate of the negative electrode (12) immediately before the completion of full charging, and the secondary battery (10) is continuously used until a state in which the potential decrease rate of the positive electrode (11) immediately before the completion of full discharging becomes smaller than the potential increase rate of the negative electrode (12) immediately before the completion of full discharging.

A secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte. The positive electrode includes a positive-electrode active substance layer, the positive-electrode active substance layer contains a pre-lithiation agent, and a molecular formula of the pre-lithiation agent is Li.sub.xNi.sub.aCu.sub.1−a−bM.sub.bO.sub.2, where 1≤x≤2, 0<a<1, and 0≤b <0.1, and M is selected from one or more of Zn, Sn, Mg, Fe, and Mn. The negative electrode includes a negative-electrode active substance layer including graphite and silicon-containing material. The electrolyte contains fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC). A weight percentage of the pre-lithiation agent in the positive-electrode active substance layer, a weight percentage of silicon content in the negative-electrode active substance layer, and a weight percentage of FEC in the electrolyte satisfy 0.2×W.sub.Si≤W.sub.FEC≤7.5%−0.6×W.sub.L.

A negative electrode for a secondary battery includes a negative electrode current collector; and a negative electrode active material layer formed on the negative electrode current collector. The negative electrode active material layer includes a silicon-based active material and a conductive material. The conductive material includes carbon nanotubes having a diameter of 4 to 9 nm and 3 to 7 walls, and the carbon nanotubes are included in an amount of 3 wt % to 9 wt % with respect to a total of 100 wt % of the silicon-based active material. The negative electrode shows a negative electrode slurry resistance value of or below a predetermined value to secure excellent conductivity, and according to a manufacturing method, an effect of significantly reducing costs as compared with the conventional case is shown.