The present invention is directed to a method of coating an electrical current collector comprising treating a portion of a surface of the electrical current collector with an adhesion promoting composition to deposit a treatment layer over the portion of the surface of the electrical current collector, wherein the resulting surface of the electrical current collector comprises (a) a treated portion comprising the treatment layer and (b) a non-treated portion that lacks the treatment layer; electrodepositing an electrodeposited coating layer from an electrodepositable coating composition onto the surface of the electrical current collector to form a coated electrical current collector; and rinsing the coated electrical current collector, wherein the electrodeposited coating layer substantially adheres to the treated portion of the surface and does not adhere to the non-treated portion of the surface. Also disclosed are electrodes and electrical storage devices.

A lithium battery and method for fabricating the same are provided herein. The battery cathode comprises a carbon structure filled with a catalyst, such as palladium-catalyst-filled carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The carbon structure provides a barrier between the catalyst and the electrolyte providing an increased stability of the electrolyte during both discharging and charging of a battery.

An alternative grid energy storage system is described herein. In one embodiment, an electrochemical cell comprises a high specific surface area cathode (e.g., a cathode comprising a carbon nanofoam paper, a carbon nanotube mesh, a particulate carbon material, electrolytic manganese dioxide, or a manganese dioxide film), a zinc or lead anode (e.g., Zn or Pb foil), a selective ion-conductive separator that does not conduct zinc ions (e.g., a NAFION sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene based fluoropolymer-copolymer separator) between the anode and the cathode, and an aqueous electrolyte comprising a manganese salt (e.g., aqueous manganese sulfate) contacting the electrodes and the separator. A battery comprising two or more of the electrochemical cells electrically connected together in series, parallel, or both, also is described.

Secondary batteries and methods of manufacture thereof are provided. A secondary battery can comprise an offset between electrode and counter-electrode layers in a unit cell. Secondary batteries can be prepared by removing a population of negative electrode subunits from a negative electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet comprising a negative electrode sheet edge margin and at least one negative electrode sheet weakened region that is internal to the negative electrode sheet edge margin, removing a population of separator layer subunits from a separator sheet, and removing a population of positive electrode subunits from a positive electrode sheet, the positive electrode sheet comprising a positive electrode edge margin and at least one positive electrode sheet weakened region that is internal to the positive electrode sheet edge margin, and stacking members of the negative electrode subunit population, the separator layer subunit population and the positive electrode subunit population.

Provided is a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution. The positive electrode has a positive active material layer including a fluorine-based binder having a melting point of 166° C. or lower, a content of the fluorine-based binder in the positive active material layer is from 0.5 mass % to 2.8 mass %, the electrolytic solution includes at least a first additive selected from 1,3-dioxane and a 1,3-dioxane derivative thereof, and a content of the first additive in the electrolytic solution is from 0.1 mass % to 2 mass %.

The present invention relates to a rechargeable battery, and a rechargeable battery including: a liquid cathode portion including a sodium-containing solution and a cathode current collector impregnated in the sodium-containing solution; an anode portion including a liquid organic electrolyte, an anode current collector impregnated in the liquid organic electrolyte, and an anode active material provided in the surface of the anode current collector; and a solid electrolyte provided between the cathode portion and the anode portion can be provided.

An anode for a lithium-based energy storage device such as a lithium-ion battery is disclosed. The anode includes an electrically conductive current collector comprising an electrically conductive layer and a transition metal oxide layer overlaying the electrically conductive layer. The anode may include a continuous porous lithium storage layer provided over the transition metal oxide layer. The continuous porous lithium storage layer may include at least 40 atomic % silicon. A method of making the anode may include providing an electrically conductive current collector having an electrically conductive layer and a transition metal oxide layer provided over the electrically conductive layer. The transition metal oxide layer may have an average thickness of at least 0.05 μm. A continuous porous lithium storage layer is deposited over the transition metal oxide layer by PECVD.

A metal support for an electrochemical element has a plate shape as a whole, and is provided with a plurality of penetration spaces that pass through the metal support from a front face to a back face. The front face is a face to be provided with an electrode layer. Each of front-side openings that are openings of the penetration spaces formed in the front face has an area of 3.0×10.sup.−4 mm.sup.2 or more and 3.0×10.sup.−3 mm.sup.2 or less.

A composite layer for use in a lithium-based battery is disclosed. The composite layer comprises a fibrous film and an inorganic additive, wherein there is a weight ratio of the fibrous film to the inorganic additive, and the weight ratio is in a range between 5:95 and 20:80. It is worth explaining that, by letting a lithium-based battery like Li metal battery be integrated with the proposed composite layer, not only does the formation of lithium dendrite be significantly suppressed, but the decomposition of electrolyte is also effectively inhibited. Moreover, the most important thing is that, by letting the lithium-based battery be integrated with the proposed composite layer, capacity retention and coulombic efficiency of the lithium-based battery are both significantly enhanced.

An electrochemical cell includes solid-state, printable anode layer, cathode layer and non-aqueous gel electrolyte layer coupled to the anode layer and cathode layer. The electrolyte layer provides physical separation between the anode layer and the cathode layer, and comprises a composition configured to provide ionic communication between the anode layer and cathode layer by facilitating transmission of multivalent ions between the anode layer and the cathode layer.