A rechargeable battery cell has an organic-liquid electrolyte contacting a dendrite free alkali-metal anode. The alkali-metal anode may be a liquid at the operating temperature that is immobilized by absorption into a porous membrane. The alkali-metal anode may be a solid that wets a porous-membrane separator, where the contact between the solid alkali-metal anode and the liquid electrolyte is at micropores or nanopores in the porous-membrane separator. The use of a dendrite-free solid lithium cell was demonstrated in a symmetric cell with a porous cellulose-based separator membrane. A K.sup.+-ion rechargeable cell was demonstrated with a liquid K—Na alloy anode immobilized in a porous carbon membrane using an organic-liquid electrolyte with a Celgard® or glass-fiber separator.

A rechargeable battery cell has an organic-liquid electrolyte contacting a dendrite free alkali-metal anode. The alkali-metal anode may be a liquid at the operating temperature that is immobilized by absorption into a porous membrane. The alkali-metal anode may be a solid that wets a porous-membrane separator, where the contact between the solid alkali-metal anode and the liquid electrolyte is at micropores or nanopores in the porous-membrane separator. The use of a dendrite-free solid lithium cell was demonstrated in a symmetric cell with a porous cellulose-based separator membrane. A K.sup.+-ion rechargeable cell was demonstrated with a liquid K—Na alloy anode immobilized in a porous carbon membrane using an organic-liquid electrolyte with a Celgard® or glass-fiber separator.

These present disclosure provides a flexible battery comprising a top layer and a bottom layer coupled at a number of attachment points to form chambers within the battery to retain a shape of the battery under an increase in internal pressure. The flexible battery can include an anode and separator and a cathode, where the separator is a flexible polymer.

These present disclosure provides a flexible battery comprising a top layer and a bottom layer coupled at a number of attachment points to form chambers within the battery to retain a shape of the battery under an increase in internal pressure. The flexible battery can include an anode and separator and a cathode, where the separator is a flexible polymer.

In an ozone generating system in which an intermittent operation is performed, in which an ozone generating operation period in which ozone is generated by discharging gas which contains oxygen in a discharge space of an ozone generating apparatus and an ozone generating operation standby period in which gas is sealed in an ozone generating apparatus and discharge is stopped so as not to generate ozone are performed repeatedly, an absorbent which absorbs at least one of nitric acid and nitrogen oxide is provided in an ozone generating apparatus other than the discharge space.

Provided is a technique for capturing transition metal ions, such as cobalt ions, in a secondary battery that elute from a positive electrode active material and for preventing deposition of transition metal at a negative electrode. A composition for a lithium ion secondary battery porous membrane that contains non-conductive particles and a binding material is provided. The binding material includes a polymer A including an aliphatic conjugated diene monomer unit in a proportion of greater than 85 mass % and a polymer B including a (meth)acrylic acid ester monomer unit in a proportion of at least 60 mass %. A mass basis ratio of content of the polymer A relative to content of the polymer B is at least 0.2 and no greater than 9.0.

A battery and an associated method are provided for generating power using an air cathode battery with a slurry anode. The method provides a battery with an air cathode separated from an anode current collector by an electrically insulating separator and an extrusion gap. The anode current collector extruder has a first plate with a plurality of slurry outlet perforations, and a sleeve having a first partition immediately adjacent to the extruder first plate, with a plurality of slurry inlet perforations. Active slurry is provided under pressure to an extruder inlet, and the extruder first plate slurry outlet perforations are selectively aligned with sleeve first partition slurry inlet perforations. Active slurry deposits are formed in the extrusion gap to mechanically charge the battery. In the discharge position, the sleeve moves so that the perforations no longer align, and slurry in the extruder is isolated from slurry in the extrusion gap.

A battery and an associated method are provided for generating power using an air cathode battery with a slurry anode. The method provides a battery with an air cathode separated from an anode current collector by an electrically insulating separator and an extrusion gap. The anode current collector extruder has a first plate with a plurality of slurry outlet perforations, and a sleeve having a first partition immediately adjacent to the extruder first plate, with a plurality of slurry inlet perforations. Active slurry is provided under pressure to an extruder inlet, and the extruder first plate slurry outlet perforations are selectively aligned with sleeve first partition slurry inlet perforations. Active slurry deposits are formed in the extrusion gap to mechanically charge the battery. In the discharge position, the sleeve moves so that the perforations no longer align, and slurry in the extruder is isolated from slurry in the extrusion gap.

An apparatus and a method for making lithium iron phosphate are disclosed. The apparatus comprises a raw material system to provide a raw material mixed solution of raw materials of a hydrothermal reaction or a solvothermal reaction; a tubular reaction device to make the raw material mixed solution in a plug flowing and reacting state to obtain a reacted material; and a kettle reaction device to make the reacted material in a complete mixing and reacting state to obtain a product. The method comprises providing a raw material mixed solution of raw materials of a hydrothermal reaction or a solvothermal reaction; making the raw material mixed solution in a plug flowing and reacting state to obtain a reacted material; and making the reacted material in a complete mixing and reacting state. The lithium iron phosphate can be continuously produced by the apparatus and method.

A structure, and more specifically a tube-shaped structure having an inner surface and two ends, wherein one or both ends are open and the inner surface is exposed through said one or both open ends, and a metal provide on the inner surface. Also, an electrode active material, such as lithium metal, on the metal included on the inner surface of the tube.