The present disclosure provides a lithium-ion battery, the lithium-ion battery comprises a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, a separator and an electrolyte. The positive active material comprises a material having a chemical formula of Li.sub.aNi.sub.xCo.sub.yM.sub.zO.sub.2, the negative active material comprises a graphite-type carbon material, the lithium-ion battery satisfies a relationship 58%≤KY.sub.a/(KY.sub.a+KY.sub.c)×100%≤72%. In the present disclosure, by reasonably matching the relationship between the anti-compression capability of the positive active material and the anti-compression capability of the negative active material, it can make the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate both have good surface integrity, and in turn make the lithium-ion battery have excellent dynamics performance and excellent cycle performance at the same time.

The present disclosure provides a lithium-ion battery, the lithium-ion battery comprises a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, a separator and an electrolyte. The positive active material comprises a material having a chemical formula of Li.sub.aNi.sub.xCo.sub.yM.sub.zO.sub.2, the negative active material comprises a graphite-type carbon material, the lithium-ion battery satisfies a relationship 58%≤KY.sub.a/(KY.sub.a+KY.sub.c)×100%≤72%. In the present disclosure, by reasonably matching the relationship between the anti-compression capability of the positive active material and the anti-compression capability of the negative active material, it can make the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate both have good surface integrity, and in turn make the lithium-ion battery have excellent dynamics performance and excellent cycle performance at the same time.

Embodiments of the claimed invention are directed to a device, comprising: an anode that includes a lithiated silicon-based or lithiated carbon-based material or pure lithium metal or metal oxides and a sandwich-type sulfur-based cathode, wherein the anode and the cathode are designed to have porous structures. An additional embodiment of the invention is directed to a scalable method of manufacturing sandwich-type Li—S batteries at a significantly reduced cost compared to traditional methods. An additional embodiment is directed to the use of exfoliated CNT sponges for enlarging the percentage of sulfur in the cathode to have large energy density.

Embodiments of the claimed invention are directed to a device, comprising: an anode that includes a lithiated silicon-based or lithiated carbon-based material or pure lithium metal or metal oxides and a sandwich-type sulfur-based cathode, wherein the anode and the cathode are designed to have porous structures. An additional embodiment of the invention is directed to a scalable method of manufacturing sandwich-type Li—S batteries at a significantly reduced cost compared to traditional methods. An additional embodiment is directed to the use of exfoliated CNT sponges for enlarging the percentage of sulfur in the cathode to have large energy density.

A negative electrode for a lithium-metal secondary battery, which has a wide specific surface area and a current density distribution that can be uniformly implemented, and a lithium-metal secondary battery including the same.

A graphene foam-protected selenium cathode layer for an alkali metal-selenium cell, comprising: (a) a sheet or a roll of solid graphene foam composed of multiple pores and pore walls containing graphene sheets, wherein the graphene sheets contain a pristine graphene material having less than 0.01% by weight of non-carbon elements or a non-pristine graphene material having 0.01% to 20% by weight of non-carbon elements, wherein said non-pristine graphene is selected from graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, graphene fluoride, graphene chloride, graphene bromide, graphene iodide, hydrogenated graphene, nitrogenated graphene, boron-doped graphene, nitrogen-doped graphene, chemically functionalized graphene, or a combination thereof, wherein the graphene sheets are interconnected or chemically merged together without an adhesive resin; and (b) selenium coating or particles residing in the pores or bonded to the pore walls of the solid graphene foam.

This application provides a polymer current collector, a preparation method thereof, and a secondary battery, battery module, battery pack, and apparatus associated therewith. The polymer current collector provided in this application includes polymer film layers, where the polymer film layers include a first polymer film layer and a second polymer film layer, a resistivity of the first polymer film layer is denoted as ρ1, a resistivity of the second polymer film layer is denoted as ρ2, and the current collector satisfies ρ1>ρ2. The polymer current collector in this application can induce to deposit of lithium metal from a low conductivity side to a high conductivity side, avoiding risks of depositing lithium ions on the surface of the current collector and thereby increasing cycle life of lithium metal batteries.

This application provides a polymer current collector, a preparation method thereof, and a secondary battery, battery module, battery pack, and apparatus associated therewith. The polymer current collector provided in this application includes polymer film layers, where the polymer film layers include a first polymer film layer and a second polymer film layer, a resistivity of the first polymer film layer is denoted as ρ1, a resistivity of the second polymer film layer is denoted as ρ2, and the current collector satisfies ρ1>ρ2. The polymer current collector in this application can induce to deposit of lithium metal from a low conductivity side to a high conductivity side, avoiding risks of depositing lithium ions on the surface of the current collector and thereby increasing cycle life of lithium metal batteries.

In a method of manufacturing an electrochemical cell, a porous or non-porous metal substrate may be provided. A precursor solution may be applied to a surface of the metal substrate. The precursor solution may comprise a chalcogen donor compound dissolved in a solvent. The precursor solution may be applied to the surface of the metal substrate such that the chalcogen donor compound reacts with the metal substrate and forms a conformal metal chalcogenide layer on the surface of the metal substrate. A conformal lithium metal layer may be formed on the surface of the metal substrate over the metal chalcogenide layer.

In a method of manufacturing an electrochemical cell, a porous or non-porous metal substrate may be provided. A precursor solution may be applied to a surface of the metal substrate. The precursor solution may comprise a chalcogen donor compound dissolved in a solvent. The precursor solution may be applied to the surface of the metal substrate such that the chalcogen donor compound reacts with the metal substrate and forms a conformal metal chalcogenide layer on the surface of the metal substrate. A conformal lithium metal layer may be formed on the surface of the metal substrate over the metal chalcogenide layer.