To provide a titanium-based porous body that has high void fraction to ensure gas permeability and water permeability for practical use as an electrode and a filter, has a large specific surface area to ensure conductivity and sufficient reaction sites with a reaction solution or a reaction gas, thus showing excellent reaction efficiency, and contains less contaminants because of no organic substance used. A titanium-based porous body having a specific void fraction and a high specific surface area is obtained by filling an irregular-shaped titanium powder having an average particle size of 10 to 50 μm in a dry system without using any binder or the like into a thickness of 4.0×10.sup.−1 to 1.6 mm, and sintering the irregular-shaped titanium powder at 800 to 1100° C.

A battery of the present disclosure includes a first solid-state battery cell and a buffer layer. The first solid-state battery cell includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a solid electrolyte layer located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The positive electrode or the negative electrode has a current collector. The buffer layer is in contact with a face of the current collector opposite to the solid electrolyte layer. The buffer layer includes a thermally expandable material and a conductive resin.

The present application relates to a porous body quality inspection apparatus and a method for inspecting quality of a porous body, and according to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a porous body quality inspection apparatus comprising a contact resistance measuring part of a porous body with a gas diffusion layer, a pressurizing part for pressurizing a pressure-sensitive discoloration base material on the porous body, an image mapping part for calculating a contact area between the pressure-sensitive discoloration base material and the porous body, a transporting part for transporting the porous body and the pressure-sensitive discoloration base material, and an operation part for performing an operation of an interfacial contact resistance between the porous body and the gas diffusion layer.

The present application relates to a porous body quality inspection apparatus and a method for inspecting quality of a porous body, and according to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a porous body quality inspection apparatus comprising a contact resistance measuring part of a porous body with a gas diffusion layer, a pressurizing part for pressurizing a pressure-sensitive discoloration base material on the porous body, an image mapping part for calculating a contact area between the pressure-sensitive discoloration base material and the porous body, a transporting part for transporting the porous body and the pressure-sensitive discoloration base material, and an operation part for performing an operation of an interfacial contact resistance between the porous body and the gas diffusion layer.

The present invention provides one with an iron electrode employing a binder comprised of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) binder. In one embodiment, the invention comprises an iron based electrode comprising a single layer of a conductive substrate coated on at least one side with a coating comprising an iron active material and a binder, wherein the binder is PVA. This iron based electrode is useful in alkaline rechargeable batteries, particularly as a negative electrode in a Ni-Fe battery.

The present invention provides one with an iron electrode employing a binder comprised of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) binder. In one embodiment, the invention comprises an iron based electrode comprising a single layer of a conductive substrate coated on at least one side with a coating comprising an iron active material and a binder, wherein the binder is PVA. This iron based electrode is useful in alkaline rechargeable batteries, particularly as a negative electrode in a Ni-Fe battery.

The invention relates to composite multilayer lithium ion battery anodes that include a porous metal alloy foam, and a lithium ion conductor coating applied to the metal alloy foam. The metal alloy foam can include structurally isomorphous alloys of lithium and, optionally, lithium and magnesium. The lithium ion conductor coating can include ternary lithium silicate, such as, lithium orthosilicate. Lithium ions from the ternary lithium silicate may be deposited within the pores of the metal alloy foam. Optionally, the lithium ion conductor coating may include a dopant. The dopant can include one or more of magnesium, calcium, vanadium, niobium and fluorine, and mixtures and combinations thereof.

This application relates to a positive electrode plate and an electrochemical device. The positive electrode plate comprises a metal current collector, a positive electrode active material layer and a safety coating disposed between the metal current collector and the positive electrode active material layer; the safety coating comprises a polymer matrix, a conductive material and an inorganic filler; the positive electrode active material layer comprises Li.sub.1+xNi.sub.aCo.sub.bMe.sub.(1−a−b)O.sub.2, wherein −0.1≤x≤0.2, 0.6≤a<1, 0<b<1, 0<(1−a−b)<1, and Me is at least one of Mn, Al, Mg, Zn, Ga, Ba, Fe, Cr, Sn, V, Sc, Ti and Zr; and the metal current collector is a porous aluminum-containing current collector. The positive electrode plate can improve safety and electrical performances of an electrochemical device (such as a capacitor, a primary battery, or a secondary battery).

An electrode for a secondary battery includes a current collector; and an active material structure on the current collector, the activate material structure including: at least one first high-density layer, and at least one second high-density layer, the at least one second high-density layer being further away from the current collector as compared to the at least one first high-density layer; and a low-density layer between the at least one first high-density layer and the at least one second high-density layer, wherein a thickness of the at least one second high-density layer is greater than a thickness of the at least one first high-density layer.

An all solid state battery includes a cathode layer, an anode layer, and a solid electrolyte layer arranged between the cathode layer and the anode layer, wherein: the solid electrolyte layer includes a first solid electrolyte layer, and a second electrolyte layer arranged in the anode layer side compared to the first solid electrolyte layer; the first solid electrolyte layer contains a first nonwoven fabric, and a first solid electrolyte arranged inside the first nonwoven fabric; the second solid electrolyte layer contains a second nonwoven fabric, and a second solid electrolyte arranged inside the second nonwoven fabric; and in a plan view along a thickness direction, an angle formed by a first fabric direction in the first nonwoven fabric and a second fabric direction in the second nonwoven fabric is 45° or more and 90° or less.