A membrane electrode with ultra-low oxygen mass transfer resistance includes an anode catalyst layer, a proton exchange membrane (PEM), and a cathode catalyst layer. A catalyst in the cathode catalyst layer is negatively charged, and the cathode catalyst layer is further doped with a negatively charged carbon carrier. A carbon carrier of the cathode catalyst layer in the membrane electrode is negatively charged, thereby optimizing the distribution of ionomers to achieve the purpose of reducing an oxygen mass transfer resistance in the cathode catalyst layer. In addition, an appropriate amount of the negatively charged carbon carrier is doped to increase a local oxygen concentration near active sites. In conclusion, the two methods of modifying with a negative charge and doping a negatively charged carbon carrier are used to optimize the local mass transfer resistance in an electrode and thus improve the cell performance.

Disclosed are a positive electrode for lithium air batteries with excellent stability, a method of manufacturing the same, and a lithium air battery including the same, and a lithium air battery with improved stability by including the positive electrode. The positive electrode may include a conductive material and an ionic liquid such that the process of manufacturing the lithium air battery may be simplified, and the stability of the lithium air battery may be further improved as the result of inhibition of side reactions.

Disclosed are an electrode for fuel cells, a membrane electrode assembly for fuel cells including the same and a method for manufacturing the same in which the electrode is manufactured by forming an ionomer layer between an electrode layer and a catalyst layer and an antioxidant is dispersed into the catalyst layer of the electrode and an ion exchange layer of an electrolyte membrane so as to improve interfacial bonding force between the electrode and the electrolyte membrane, the electrode is bonded to the electrolyte membrane using a transfer process, and durability of the electrode and the electrolyte membrane is improved.

Provided is a method of preparing a ternary alloy catalyst that includes irradiating ultrasonic waves to a precursor admixture including a precursor of a noble metal, a precursor of a first transition metal, a precursor of a second transition metal, and a carrier. Particularly, the precursor of the second transition metal is an acetate-based precursor.

Disclosed are a mixed catalyst, a method for preparing same, a method for forming an electrode by using same, and a membrane-electrode assembly comprising same, the mixed catalyst having uniform physical features within a predetermined range, which are suitable for the manufacture of an electrode and membrane-electrode assembly having desired performance and durability. The mixed catalyst comprises: a first catalyst, which includes a first support and first catalyst metal particles distributed on the first support, and has a first BET surface area and a first total pore volume; and a second catalyst, which includes a second support and second catalyst metal particles distributed on the second support, and has a second BET surface area different from the first BET surface area and a second total pore volume different from the first total pore volume.

A catalyst complex for fuel cells and a method for manufacturing an electrode including the same are disclosed. The catalyst complex for fuel cells, which is included in an electrode for fuel cells, includes a first catalyst configured to cause hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) and a second catalyst configured to cause water electrolysis reaction, i.e., oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The outer surface of the first catalyst is coated with a first ionomer binder, the outer surface of the second catalyst is coated with a second ionomer binder, and an equivalent weight (EW) of the second ionomer binder differs from an equivalent weight (EW) of the first ionomer binder.

Disclosed are an electrode for a fuel cell, a method for manufacturing same, and a membrane-electrode assembly comprising same, the electrode having high durability by preventing catalyst degradation due to the agglomeration, deposition, elution, and/or migration of metal catalyst particles. The electrode for a fuel cell of the present invention comprises: a catalyst comprising a carrier and metal catalyst particles supported on the carrier; and an ionomer layer coated on at least a portion of the catalyst, wherein the ionomer layer comprises an ionomer and a chelating agent.

The present disclosure relates to an electrolyte membrane for fuel cells having improved chemical durability and a method of manufacturing the same. Specifically, the method includes preparing a polymer film, depositing catalyst metal on one surface or opposite surfaces of the polymer film to obtain a reinforcement layer, and impregnating the reinforcement layer with an ionomer to obtain an electrolyte membrane.

An electrocatalytically active ink composition is used with an additive manufacturing process, such as 3D printing, to produce electrodes having consistent, adaptable, and high surface area structures. The electrocatalytically active ink composition includes a mixed powdered precursor and a polymer matrix. The mixed powdered precursor includes a carbon source, a dopant source, and/or a metal-containing catalyst. The material and electrochemical properties of the ink composition may facilitate 3D printing of electrochemically active electrodes for energy conversion and storage devices, and may allow fine-tuning of macro- and microstructures to develop electrodes having improved activity and efficiency.

A process to prepare an electrode for an electrochemical storage device by spraying an aqueous slurry composition comprising water, xanthan gum, a source of conducting carbon particles and an active material on an electrode base. The slurry may be made by first mixing solid xanthan gum with the conducting carbon particles and the active material and secondly adding water to the resulting mixture. Alternatively the slurry is obtained by mixing solid xanthan gum with a carbon-based active material and adding water to the resulting mixture obtained.