The present disclosure relates to data processing methods and apparatus. One example method includes obtaining a first data block from first optical path data, adding padding data and the first data block into a target information bit in a first data frame to form target data, encoding the target data to obtain a first code block, and sending the first code block.

The present disclosure provides techniques for bandwidth constrained communication systems with frequency domain information processing. A bandwidth constrained equalized transport (BCET) communication system can include a transmitter, a communication channel, and a receiver. The transmitter can include a pulse-shaping filter that intentionally introduces memory into a signal in the form of inter-symbol interference, an error control code (ECC) encoder, a multidimensional fast Fourier transform (FFT) processing block that processes the signal in the frequency domain, and a first interleaver. The receiver can include an information-retrieving equalizer, a deinterleaver with an ECC decoder, and a second interleaver joined in an iterative ECC decoding loop. The communication system can be bandwidth constrained, and the signal can comprise an information rate that is higher than that of a communication system without intentional introduction of the memory at the transmitter.

A method for adjustable error correction in a storage cluster is provided. The method includes determining health of a non-volatile memory of a non-volatile solid-state storage unit of each of a plurality of storage nodes in a storage cluster on a basis of per flash package, per flash die, per flash plane, per flash block, or per flash page. The determining is performed by the storage cluster. The plurality of storage nodes is housed within a chassis that couples the storage nodes as the storage cluster. The method includes adjusting erasure coding across the plurality of storage nodes based on the health of the non-volatile memory and distributing user data throughout the plurality of storage nodes through the erasure coding. The user data is accessible via the erasure coding from a remainder of the plurality of storage nodes if any of the plurality of storage nodes are unreachable.

A transmitter and receiver of a broadcasting signal and a method of processing the broadcasting signal are provided. The transmitter includes: a segmenter configured to segment an L1 signaling of a frame into a plurality of segmented L1 signalings such that each of the segmented L1 signalings has bits a number of which is equal to or smaller than a predetermined number; and an encoder configured to perform a Bose, Chaudhuri, Hocquenghem (BCH) and a low density parity check (LDPC) encoding, or the LDPC encoding without the BCH encoding, with respect to the segmented L1 signalings.

An exemplary method for reading data stored in a flash memory includes: selecting an initial gate voltage combination from a plurality of predetermined gate voltage combination options; controlling a plurality of memory units in the flash memory according to the initial gate voltage combination, and reading a plurality of bit sequences; performing a codeword error correction upon the plurality of bit sequences, and determining if the codeword error correction successful; if the codeword error correction is not successful, determining an electric charge distribution parameter; determining a target gate voltage combination corresponding to the electric charge distribution parameter by using a look-up table; and controlling the plurality of memory units to read a plurality of updated bit sequences according to the target gate voltage combination.

The present technology relates to a transmission method and a reception device for securing favorable communication quality in data transmission using an LDPC code. In group-wise interleaving, the LDPC code with a code length N of 17280 bits is interleaved in units of 360-bit bit groups 0 to 47. In group-wise deinterleaving, a sequence of the LDPC code after group-wise interleaving is returned to an original sequence. The present technology can be applied, for example, in a case of performing data transmission using an LDPC code, and the like.

Instructions stored on a computer-readable medium include, in response to receiving a new message for transmission, generating a candidate message by attempting recovery of a previous message from the new message and recovery bits of the previous message. The instructions include, in response to an indicator indicating that the attempted recovery was successful, computing a delta between the new message and the candidate message and generating a delivery message based on the computed delta. The instructions include, in response to the indicator indicating that the attempted recovery was unsuccessful, generating the delivery message based on the new message exclusive of the computed delta. The instructions include calculating new recovery bits from the new message. The instructions include storing the new recovery bits as the recovery bits of the previous message. The instructions include transmitting the delivery message to a destination over a communications channel.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, obtaining a received channel-encoded data block having information bits, a transmitted error-check value, and redundant code bits. The redundant code bits correspond to a channel code applied to the received channel-encoded data block prior to transmission via a communication channel. A channel code type is identified and responsive to it being systematic, the information bits and the transmitted error-check value are obtained without decoding according to the channel code. The received channel-encoded data block is checked according to the transmitted error-check value to obtain a result. Responsive to the result not indicating an error, extracting the information bits without decoding the received channel-encoded data block according to the channel code. Responsive to the result indicating an error, decoding the received channel-encoded data block according to the channel code to obtain decoded information bits. Other embodiments are disclosed.

The disclosure relates to a 5G or pre-5G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate than that of a beyond-4th 4G communication system such as a LTE. The system transmits or receives data and control information in a wireless or communication system. An operation method of a terminal is provided. The operation method includes determining the number (N.sub.RE) of REs allocated to the terminal, determining an intermediate value based on the number of Res, when the intermediate value is smaller than a first reference value, determining the size of a transport block based on a predetermined first method and the intermediate value, or determining the size of the transport block based on the intermediate value and a plurality of predetermined values, and when the intermediate value is greater than the first reference value, determining the size of the transport block on the basis of the intermediate value.

Examples described herein include systems and methods which include wireless devices and systems with examples of mixing input data delayed versions of at least a portion of the respective processing results with coefficient data specific to a processing mode selection. For example, a computing system with processing units may mix the input data delayed versions of respective outputs of various layers of multiplication/accumulation processing units (MAC units) for a transmission in a radio frequency (RF) wireless domain with the coefficient data to generate output data that is representative of the transmission being processed according to a wireless processing mode selection. In another example, such mixing input data with delayed versions of processing results may be to receive and process noisy wireless input data. Examples of systems and methods described herein may facilitate the processing of data for 5G wireless communications in a power-efficient and time-efficient manner.