A melting heater configured to melt joining end surfaces of a pair of semi-molded products in a case where the joining end surfaces are melted and joined to manufacture a molded product, the melting heater including: two glass plates arranged in parallel to each other; and a plurality of element heaters arranged in a unit having a flat plate shape as a whole between the two glass plates, in which the glass plate is subjected to surface processing for controlling infrared rays emitted from the plurality of element heaters.

An microheater array system includes an integrated microheater array configured to generate a localized heat and having a plurality of pixels. Each pixel includes: an inductor; a stacked oscillator configured to generate a magnetic field at microwave frequencies with tunable intensity and frequency; and an electro-thermal loop. The microheater array system may further include a plurality of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs).

Heated surfaces for melting snow and ice are described herein. Some implementations include a highly integrated panel having upper and lower main structures secured to one another by an attachment through openings. Multiple panels can be connected together by means of load transfer devices on the upper and lower main structures. Other implementations include a melting panel with individual tiles, adhesives, structural materials, resistance-heating materials, electrically conductive materials, and thermally conductive materials. Power to the panels in the form of electricity may be provided via electrical wires and connectors, and further transmitted between the various parts of the panels. Still other implementations include embedded heating elements with adhesives, structural materials, resistance-heating materials, electrically conductive materials, and thermally conductive materials.

Provided is an image forming apparatus including a temperature sensing circuit to which a temperature sensing element is electrically connected, wherein a surface of a heater on a side where the temperature sensing element is provided is in contact with the inner surface of a film, a heating element is provided in a primary side circuit which is electrically connected to a commercial power supply, and the temperature sensing circuit is electrically insulated from both of the primary side circuit and a secondary side circuit which is electrically insulated from the primary side circuit.

A dose unit including at least one isolated bioactive agent applied on a carrier material in thermal contact with an electrically heating element configured to vaporize a pre-determined amount of the agent for pulmonary delivery thereof is provided herein, as well as devices for effecting vaporization and pulmonary delivery of the isolated agent, and methods for preparing the dose unit, controllably releasing the agent therefrom, methods for pulmonary delivery thereof and methods of treatment of medical conditions treatable by pulmonary delivery of the isolated bioactive agent.

Provided is an image forming apparatus including a temperature sensing circuit to which a temperature sensing element is electrically connected, wherein a surface of a heater on a side where the temperature sensing element is provided is in contact with the inner surface of a film, a heating element is provided in a primary side circuit which is electrically connected to a commercial power supply, and the temperature sensing circuit is electrically insulated from both of the primary side circuit and a secondary side circuit which is electrically insulated from the primary side circuit.

A sample holder includes: a ceramic body including a one main surface, and a sample holding surface on the one main surface; a heat-generating resistor disposed on an other main surface of the ceramic body; and a plurality of grooves arranged in a lattice on a surface of the heat-generating resistor, the plurality of grooves having extending directions that are different on different portions of the surface of the heat-generating resistor.

A ceramic heater includes a disk-shaped ceramic plate having a wafer placement surface on a front surface thereof, the ceramic plate having a plasma electrode and a heater electrode embedded therein in this order, from closest to the wafer placement surface to farthest, in such a manner that the plasma electrode and the heater electrode are spaced apart from each other; a cylindrical shaft that supports the ceramic plate from a back surface of the ceramic plate; a plasma electrode connecting member arranged in the cylindrical shaft and connected to the plasma electrode; a heater electrode connecting member arranged in the cylindrical shaft and connected to the heater electrode; and a planar shield portion arranged on the back surface of the ceramic plate or embedded in the ceramic plate so as to be closer to the back surface than the heater electrode, the planar shield portion being connected to ground.

Provided is a heat generating component of which volume resistivity hardly varies even if used repeatedly at a high temperature for a long period of time. Since a thin coating heater part (13) formed on a substrate part (12) is composed of a thermal sprayed coating containing Ti.sub.xO.sub.y (wherein, 0<y/x<2.0 is satisfied), obtained is a heat generating component (11) having volume resistivity which is suitable for a heater and hardly varies even if prescribed temperature change and temperature keeping are repeated.

A heating device for heating a powder during the production of a 3D shaped part. The heating device has an infrared (IR) lamp and a housing in which a construction chamber is provided. The construction chamber is bounded at the bottom by a construction platform for receiving the shaped part and is supported on a support plate. The IR lamp heats the powder during production of the 3D shaped part in the construction chamber. For ensuring an optimized heat transfer to the sintering or melting powder with a particularly homogeneous temperature distribution, a partition wall composed of an IR radiation transparent material is arranged between the construction chamber and the IR lamp.