A heater system for an LED light assembly having a lens includes a flexible composite positioned around an outer surface of the lens. The flexible composite includes a polymer base layer, a plurality of conductive buses provided on the base layer, and a resistive layer electrically connecting the plurality of buses to form a circuit. The resistive layer includes conductor particles dispersed in a polymer matrix. The resistive layer has a crystalline first condition prior to applying electricity to one of the buses and an amorphous second condition in response to applying electricity to one of the buses.

Systems and methods are provided for controlling infrared radiation (IR) sources of a sauna including tuning IR wavelength-ranges and radiated power-levels of IR sources, and directing IR to locations on a user's body. In one illustrative embodiment, a sauna may be provided having adjustable IR emitters to emit IR at any wavelength resulting in a desirable radiation treatment for the sauna user. In another illustrative embodiment, a method is provided for tuning IR emitters in a sauna.

A multifunctional assembly having a resistive element a conductive element in electrical communication with the resistive element, the conductive element defining at least one of a plurality of multifunctional zones of the resistive element, wherein the conductive element is configured to direct a flow of electricity across at least one of the plurality of multifunctional zones of the resistive element in a preselected manner.

A radiant heater device for generating a radiant heat, includes a substrate portion having a plate shape and made of an electrically insulating material, a surface member having a sheet shape and disposed on one surface side of the substrate portion, and a heat generation portion formed on the other surface side of the substrate portion. The surface member is formed of a fiber fabric that is provided with a space portion recessed toward the substrate portion in a thickness direction of the surface member and that restricts a heat transfer in a surface direction of the surface member by the space portion.

A method of coating a substrate with a particulate coating composition is disclosed that creates a coated substrate having a controlled, nonuniform surface property profile that varies along at least one primary dimension. The substrate is positioned on a textured template. An effective amount of the particulate coating composition is buffed onto a surface of the substrate with the at least one orbital applicator moving in a plane parallel to surface in a plurality of directions relative to a point on the surface in an orbital manner while at least one process variable is changed during the coating of the substrate. Process variable that can be varied during coating include application time, application pressure, coating temperature, the contour of the textured template, orbital speed, web speed, and the particulate coating composition.

A film type planar heating element for preventing electromagnetic waves is configured in a form of multiple layers of films to generate heat, the film type planar heating element comprising: a base film made of synthetic resin and mounted on a floor in a form of sheet film; a carbon heating unit made of carbon materials and arranged in multiple rows to generate heat planarly on a top side of the base film; a pair of center-adjacent copper foil busbars disposed in a center area of the base film, applying current to the carbon heating unit, and facing each other in a close distance so that intensities of electromagnetic waves and magnetic field are mutually canceled each other when the current is applied; a pair of center silver busbars formed between the carbon heating unit and the center-adjacent copper foil busbars and made of silver materials allowing the current, which is applied to the center-adjacent copper foil busbars, to smoothly flow to the carbon heating unit, and a Lamirex film coated on the top side of the base film to protect the carbon heating unit and the center-adjacent copper foil busbars.

In some examples, preheat three-dimensional (3D) printer build material can include a heating plate of a 3D printer to preheat build material from below the build material, where the heating plate is located adjacent to a build platform of the 3D printer, and a heater-spreader carriage of the 3D printer to preheat the build material from above the build material and spread the preheated build material from the heating plate to the build platform.

A floor panel having a heating element disposed therein, the floor panel having at least two abutments for operationally coupling the panel to adjacent panels. Electrical contacts are disposed on complementary abutments or abutment walls and busbars electrically couple between complementary contacts of opposing abutments such that, when adjacent floor panels are laid together to form a floor or a portion thereof, the busbars are able to feed power to heating elements disposed in the panel. The panel have sealants and/or adhesives which protect at least one contact from fluids. Also disclosed are connector bars, adapters, and switching and protection arrangements, and optional constructions for inter-panel connectors.

A surface vehicle includes a microphone detecting sounds originating outside of the surface vehicle. A heating element is mounted in association with the microphone and provides heat for preventing accumulation of ice near the microphone wherein the ice accumulation would degrade an ability of the microphone to detect sounds originating outside of the surface vehicle.

Heated surfaces for melting snow and ice are described herein. Some implementations include a highly integrated panel having upper and lower main structures secured to one another by an attachment through openings. Multiple panels can be connected together by means of load transfer devices on the upper and lower main structures. Other implementations include a melting panel with individual tiles, adhesives, structural materials, resistance-heating materials, electrically conductive materials, and thermally conductive materials. Power to the panels in the form of electricity may be provided via electrical wires and connectors, and further transmitted between the various parts of the panels. Still other implementations include embedded heating elements with adhesives, structural materials, resistance-heating materials, electrically conductive materials, and thermally conductive materials.