A panel includes a substrate and an electro-thermal layer disposed on the substrate. A thermally conductive and electrically insulating top layer is disposed on the electro-thermal layer. The top layer, electro-thermal layer, and substrate can all be printed layers. The electro-thermal layer can be a first electro-thermal layer and the top layer can be a first top layer, wherein at least one additional electro-thermal layer and at least one additional top layer are disposed on the first top layer, wherein the additional electro-thermal and top layers are disposed in an alternating order.

A panel includes a substrate and an electro-thermal layer disposed on the substrate. A thermally conductive and electrically insulating top layer is disposed on the electro-thermal layer. The top layer, electro-thermal layer, and substrate can all be printed layers. The electro-thermal layer can be a first electro-thermal layer and the top layer can be a first top layer, wherein at least one additional electro-thermal layer and at least one additional top layer are disposed on the first top layer, wherein the additional electro-thermal and top layers are disposed in an alternating order.

A heating structure (1) configured to be installed inside a passenger compartment of a vehicle is disclosed. The heating structure (1) includes at least one resistive layer arranged so as to release heat when an electric current passes through this layer (4), this panel further comprising an electrode array (5) comprising a plurality of contact electrodes (6) arranged so as to be in electrical contact with the resistive layer in order to allow electric current to flow through this resistive layer.

An evaporator device for an inhaler, in particular for an electronic cigarette product comprises an electrically heatable heating body having at least one passage opening for evaporating liquid contained in the passage opening and a carrier for retaining the heating body. The evaporator device has a sealing device, and the sealing device is arranged between the heating body and the carrier and encloses the at least one passage opening in a sealing manner.

A device (100, 200, 1100, 2100) converts electricity into heat. A first flat winding support (110, 130, 210a, 210b, 230a, 230b, 310a, 310b, 330a, 330b, 510, 610, 630, 710, 1110, 1130, 2110, 2130) including electrically insulating material, has a first electric heating element (140, 150, 240a, 240b, 250a, 250b, 340a, 340b, 350a, 350b, 540, 640, 650, 740, 750) wound thereon. The first flat winding support with wound first electric heating element is inserted into a housing (190, 290, 1190, 2190) electrically insulated against the housing. A second flat winding support, including electrically insulating material, has a second electric heating element (140, 150, 240a, 240b, 250a, 250b, 340a, 340b, 350a, 350b, 540, 640, 650, 740, 750), which is galvanically separated from the first electric heating element, wound thereon. The second flat winding support with wound second electric heating element is inserted into the housing electrically insulated against the housing.

A heater system for an LED light assembly having a lens includes a flexible composite positioned around an outer surface of the lens. The flexible composite includes a polymer base layer, a plurality of conductive buses provided on the base layer, and a resistive layer electrically connecting the plurality of buses to form a circuit. The resistive layer includes conductor particles dispersed in a polymer matrix. The resistive layer has a crystalline first condition prior to applying electricity to one of the buses and an amorphous second condition in response to applying electricity to one of the buses.

An electrically heatable layer stack is disclosed. The electrically heatable layer stack includes at least two substrate layers, and at least one carbon nanotubes-, CNT-, layer, which is arranged between the substrate layers and which is configured to conduct an electric current. The substrate layers and the at least one CNT-layer are configured to produce heating of at least one of the substrate layers when an electric current is applied to the at least one CNT-layer. A vehicle assembly group, an aircraft, a method and a system for manufacturing an electrically heatable layer stack are also disclosed.

A radiant panel (3) intended to be installed inside a passenger compartment (1) of a vehicle (2), a motor vehicle for example, is disclosed. The radiant panel (3) includes a dissipative region (10) arranged to generate heat by Joule heating and at least one functional component (17) arranged to perform at least one function other than generating heat by Joule heating in the dissipative region (10).

A heater (22) for heating a substantially transparent or translucent cover of a reaction vessel. The heater has a board (80) having a front face, an opposing back face, and an aperture (1062) through which an excitation beam can pass into a reaction vessel via a cover of the reaction vessel, and/or through which reaction light can pass from the reaction vessel via the cover. A thermally conductive, heat-spreading layer (86) radiates heat towards the cover, the heat-spreading layer being arranged on the front face of the board that is arranged to face the cover. At least one heating element outputs heat to the heat-spreading layer (86), the heating element being arranged on the back face of the board that is arranged to face away from the cover. The heat-spreading layer (86) is in thermal communication with the heating element by at least one heating via 82 through the board.

An embodiment of an apparatus includes a raw material deposition head in communication with a working surface, an energy beam generator, a wire feed, and an ultrasonic head. The energy beam generator is directed toward the working surface for consolidating raw material disposed on the working surface by the raw material deposition head. The wire feed dispenses pre-formed wire to the raw material consolidated on the working surface by an energy beam from the energy beam generator. The ultrasonic head is directed to embed the dispensed pre-formed wire into the consolidated raw material.