With a microwave FET, an incorporated Schottky junction capacitance or PN junction capacitance is small and such a junction is weak against static electricity. However, with a microwave device, the method of connecting a protecting diode cannot be used since this method increases the parasitic capacitance and causes degradation of the high-frequency characteristics. In order to solve the above problems, a protecting element, having a first n.sup.+-type region—insulating region—second n.sup.+-type region arrangement is connected in parallel between two terminals of a protected element having a PN junction, Schottky junction, or capacitor. Since discharge can be performed between the first and second n.sup.+ regions that are adjacent each other, electrostatic energy that would reach the operating region of an FET can be attenuated without increasing the parasitic capacitance.

With a microwave FET, an incorporated Schottky junction capacitance or PN junction capacitance is small and such a junction is weak against static electricity. However, with a microwave device, the method of connecting a protecting diode cannot be used since this method increases the parasitic capacitance and causes degradation of the high-frequency characteristics. In order to solve the above problems, a protecting element, having a first n.sup.+-type region—insulating region—second n.sup.+-type region arrangement is connected in parallel between two terminals of a protected element having a PN junction, Schottky junction, or capacitor. Since discharge can be performed between the first and second n.sup.+ regions that are adjacent each other, electrostatic energy that would reach the operating region of an FET can be attenuated without increasing the parasitic capacitance.

Semiconductor devices having vertical FET (field effect transistor) devices with metallic source/drain regions are provided, as well as methods for fabricating such vertical FET devices. For example, a semiconductor device includes a first source/drain region formed on a semiconductor substrate, a vertical semiconductor fin formed on the first source/drain region, a second source/drain region formed on an upper surface of the vertical semiconductor fin, a gate structure formed on a sidewall surface of the vertical semiconductor fin, and an insulating material that encapsulates the vertical semiconductor fin and the gate structure. The first source/drain region comprises a metallic layer and at least a first epitaxial semiconductor layer. For example, the metallic layer of the first source/drain region comprises a metal-semiconductor alloy such as silicide.

A memory opening can be formed through a multiple tier structure. Each tier structure includes an alternating stack of sacrificial material layers and insulating layers. After formation of a dielectric oxide layer, the memory opening is filled with a sacrificial memory opening fill structure. The sacrificial material layers are removed selective to the insulating layers and the dielectric oxide layer to form backside recesses. Physically exposed portions of the dielectric oxide layer are removed. A backside blocking dielectric and electrically conductive layers are formed in the backside recesses. Subsequently, the sacrificial memory opening fill structure is replaced with a memory stack structure including a plurality of charge storage regions and a semiconductor channel. Hydrogen or deuterium from a dielectric core may then be outdiffused into the semiconductor channel.

A semiconductor device includes: a channel layer made of a compound semiconductor; a barrier layer provided above the channel layer and made of a compound semiconductor in which an energy band on a carrier travel side in a junction with respect to the channel layer is farther from an intrinsic Fermi level in the channel layer than in the channel layer; a low-resistance region provided in a surface layer of the barrier layer, in which resistance is kept lower than portions around by containing impurity; a source electrode and a drain electrode connected to the barrier layer at positions sandwiching the low-resistance region; a gate insulating layer provided on the low-resistance region; and a gate electrode provided above the low-resistance region through the gate insulating layer.

Some embodiments include an integrated structure having a vertical stack of alternating insulative levels and conductive levels. Recesses extend into the conductive levels. The conductive levels have projections above and below the recesses. The projections have outer edges. An outer periphery of an individual conductive level is defined by a straight-line boundary extending from the outer edge of the projection above the recess in the individual conductive level to the outer edge of the projection below the recess in the individual conductive level. A depth of the recess is defined as a horizontal distance from the straight-line boundary to an innermost periphery of the recess. The recesses have depths of at least about 5 nm. Charge-blocking regions extend within the recesses. Charge-storage structures are along the charge-blocking regions. Gate dielectric material is along the charge-storage structures. Channel material is along the gate dielectric material.

An oxide semiconductor film contains In, Ga, and Sn at respective atomic ratios of 0.01≤Ga/(In+Ga+Sn)≤0.30 . . . (1), 0.01≤Sn/(In+Ga+Sn)≤0.40 . . . (2), and 0.55≤In/(In+Ga+Sn)≤0.98 . . . (3), and a rare-earth element X at an atomic ratio of 0.03≤X/(In+Ga+Sn+X)≤0.25 . . . (4).

An electrical device in which an interface layer is disposed in between and in contact with a conductor and a semiconductor.

A method and resulting structures for a semiconductor device includes forming a source terminal of a semiconductor fin on a substrate. An energy barrier is formed on a surface of the source terminal. A channel is formed on a surface of the energy barrier, and a drain terminal is formed on a surface of the channel. The drain terminal and the channel are recessed on either sides of the channel, and the energy barrier is etched in recesses formed by the recessing. The source terminal is recessed using timed etching to remove a portion of the source terminal in the recesses formed by etching the energy barrier. A first bottom spacer is formed on a surface of the source terminal and a sidewall of the semiconductor fin, and a gate stack is formed on the surface of the first bottom spacer.

An electrical device in which an interface layer is disposed in between and in contact with a conductor and a semiconductor.