Presented herein are gas permeable, ultrathin, stretchable epidermal electronic devices and related methods enabled by self-assembled porous substrates and conductive nanostructures. Efficient and scalable breath figure method is employed to introduce the porous skeleton and then silver nanowires (AgNWs) are dip-coated and heat-pressed to offer electric conductivity. The resulting film has a transmittance of 61%, sheet resistance of 7.3 Ω/sq, and water vapor permeability of 23 mg cm.sup.−2 h.sup.−1. With AgNWs embedded below the surface of the polymer, the electrode exhibits excellent stability with the presence of sweat and after long-term wear. The present subject matter demonstrates the potential of the electrode for wearable applications—skin-mountable biopotential sensing for healthcare and textile-integrated touch sensing for human-machine interfaces. The electrode can form conformal contact with human skin, leading to low skin-electrode impedance and high-quality biopotential signals. In addition, the textile electrode can be used in a self-capacitance wireless touch sensing system.

Provided is an electrode including: a polarizable electrode layer; and a non-polarizable electrode layer laminated on the polarizable electrode layer. The non-polarizable electrode layer includes silver, silver chloride, and a corrosion inhibitor for the silver. The corrosion inhibitor is a polymer-based corrosion inhibitor.

Provided is an electrode including: a polarizable electrode layer; and a non-polarizable electrode layer laminated on the polarizable electrode layer. The non-polarizable electrode layer includes silver, silver chloride, and a corrosion inhibitor for the silver. The corrosion inhibitor is a polymer-based corrosion inhibitor.

A device, an electrode and method for recording a multi-channel-ECG. The device includes a housing; a processor configured to record a multi-channel-ECG; at least two electrodes that can be operatively connected with the processor; and a connection module configured to connect the at least two electrodes and/or processor with a data processing element. The device is configured to be handheld.

A device, an electrode and method for recording a multi-channel-ECG. The device includes a housing; a processor configured to record a multi-channel-ECG; at least two electrodes that can be operatively connected with the processor; and a connection module configured to connect the at least two electrodes and/or processor with a data processing element. The device is configured to be handheld.

A bioelectrode includes a conductive rubber electrode and a silver coating layer provided on the conductive rubber electrode and containing a silicone rubber and silver particles. The silver coating layer contains a modified silicone and contains ions for ion conduction among the silver particles.

A biological electrode that includes an electrode member made of a conductive rubber having a plurality of electrode portions in contact with a body of a subject. The plurality of electrode portions are protrusively formed on an electrode portion forming surface of the electrode member and arranged circularly or concentrically on the electrode portion forming surface. Further, each of the plurality of electrode portions is formed so that a cross-sectional area thereof gradually decreases from a proximal end portion thereof toward a distal end portion thereof and a center of a cross section of the distal end portion is positioned radially outward of a center of a cross section of the proximal end portion as viewed from an arrangement center of the plurality of electrode portions.

This bioelectrode is configured by applying a water-absorbing resin to a sheet-like structure including conductive fibers so as to have a moisture retention index of 0.8 or more. This bioelectrode-equipped apparatus comprises a fabric structure having, on a base fabric formed from an elastic fabric, an electrode placement region that includes a wiring formed on a surface of the base fabric, a bioelectrode provided to the terminal end of the wiring, and an insulating layer for covering the wiring, wherein the base fabric has a first extension direction exhibiting relatively low extensibility in the electrode placement region and a second extension direction which is different from the first extension direction and which exhibits higher extensibility than the first extension direction, and the wiring is formed along the first extension direction.

Embodiments are disclosed for a method for restoring a wearable biological sensor. The method includes determining that a wearable biological marker sensor comprising a reference electrode is placed within a restoration apparatus. The restoration apparatus includes a correct reference electrode, a counter electrode, and a chloride solution. The reference electrode is in electrical contact with the correct reference electrode and the counter electrode through the chloride solution. The method additionally includes determining whether the reference electrode is degraded based on a voltage differential between the reference electrode and the correct reference electrode. The method also includes restoring the reference electrode, if the reference electrode is degraded, by applying a voltage to a circuit. The circuit includes the reference electrode and the counter electrode. Further, multiple chloride ions of the chloride solution bond with a plurality of silver atoms of the reference electrode.

Embodiments are disclosed for a method for restoring a wearable biological sensor. The method includes determining that a wearable biological marker sensor comprising a reference electrode is placed within a restoration apparatus. The restoration apparatus includes a correct reference electrode, a counter electrode, and a chloride solution. The reference electrode is in electrical contact with the correct reference electrode and the counter electrode through the chloride solution. The method additionally includes determining whether the reference electrode is degraded based on a voltage differential between the reference electrode and the correct reference electrode. The method also includes restoring the reference electrode, if the reference electrode is degraded, by applying a voltage to a circuit. The circuit includes the reference electrode and the counter electrode. Further, multiple chloride ions of the chloride solution bond with a plurality of silver atoms of the reference electrode.