An in-ear device including a cloth, which defines a concave surface, at least one electrode in or on the cloth, and a conductive track connected to the at least one electrode. Also, a method of monitoring neurological or physiological diseases or disorders with the in-ear device and a method of collecting electroencephalography data with the in-ear device. Further, a process for manufacturing the in-ear device.

An in-ear device including a cloth, which defines a concave surface, at least one electrode in or on the cloth, and a conductive track connected to the at least one electrode. Also, a method of monitoring neurological or physiological diseases or disorders with the in-ear device and a method of collecting electroencephalography data with the in-ear device. Further, a process for manufacturing the in-ear device.

Systems and methods for identifying and removing artifacts from electrodermal activity (EDA) data are described herein. A method includes identifying artifacts in segments of EDA data using unsupervised machine learning based on feature vectors extracted from segments of the data. After the artifacts are identified, they can be removed from the EDA data. Artifact-free EDA data can be used to estimate a patient's nociceptive state, which in turn can be used to modify a dosage of anesthetic drugs administered to the patient based on this estimation.

This disclosure relates to an analyte sensor having a substrate, a working electrode, a second electrode and a membrane. The membrane is located on top of the second electrode. This disclosure further relates to a process for manufacturing the inventive analyte sensor as well as to an analyte sensor system having an analyte sensor according to this disclosure and an electronics unit. The analyte sensors according to this disclosure may be used for conducting an analyte measurement in a body fluid of a user.

This disclosure relates to an analyte sensor having a substrate, a working electrode, a second electrode and a membrane. The membrane is located on top of the second electrode. This disclosure further relates to a process for manufacturing the inventive analyte sensor as well as to an analyte sensor system having an analyte sensor according to this disclosure and an electronics unit. The analyte sensors according to this disclosure may be used for conducting an analyte measurement in a body fluid of a user.

A surface electrode for patient monitoring includes a flexible substrate, a dry electrode on the substrate, and a wet electrode configured to contact an electrode gel in contact with a patient's skin. A conductive epoxy is arranged between the dry electrode and the wet electrode. The conductive epoxy is configured to protect the dry electrode from corrosion and transfer electrical potentials from the wet electrode to the printed dry electrode.

A surface electrode for patient monitoring includes a flexible substrate, a dry electrode on the substrate, and a wet electrode configured to contact an electrode gel in contact with a patient's skin. A conductive epoxy is arranged between the dry electrode and the wet electrode. The conductive epoxy is configured to protect the dry electrode from corrosion and transfer electrical potentials from the wet electrode to the printed dry electrode.

A semi-dry electrode combines advantages of wet electrodes and dry electrodes by use of a rotatable ball to apply a conductive gel at the tip of the electrode in a manner similar to how a ballpen applies ink. A reservoir in the semi-dry electrode contains the conductive gel that is applied by the ball to the skin of the user. This creates a thin film of conductive gel at the tip of the semi-dry electrode which reduces impedance and increases the signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio. Directly applying the conductive gel from within the electrode itself reduces mess and improves user convenience. The semi-dry electrode may be used in a lightweight electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring device to detect brain activity. The brain activity may be used as input for a brain-computer interface (BCI).

A semi-dry electrode combines advantages of wet electrodes and dry electrodes by use of a rotatable ball to apply a conductive gel at the tip of the electrode in a manner similar to how a ballpen applies ink. A reservoir in the semi-dry electrode contains the conductive gel that is applied by the ball to the skin of the user. This creates a thin film of conductive gel at the tip of the semi-dry electrode which reduces impedance and increases the signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio. Directly applying the conductive gel from within the electrode itself reduces mess and improves user convenience. The semi-dry electrode may be used in a lightweight electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring device to detect brain activity. The brain activity may be used as input for a brain-computer interface (BCI).

A force-controlled electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring device maintains a constant pressure between electrodes and the scalp of a user thereby increasing user comfort. Arms on the EEG monitoring device position the electrodes in contact with specific regions on the head of the user. The dimension, shape, and curvature of the arms affect the amount of force with which an electrode is held in contact with the user's scalp. The amount of pressure may be different for different regions of the user's head to achieve a balance between comfort and conductivity. The amount of pressure may be further modulated by the use of spring-loaded electrode holders that allow an electrode to move relative to the holder. To further improve user comfort, the tips of the electrodes may be hemispherical rather than pointed. The EEG monitoring device can be used as input for a brain-computer interface (BCI).