The disclosure relates generally to batteries. The disclosure relates more specifically to improved catalyst systems for metal-air batteries. A metal-air battery comprising: an anode comprising a metal; a cathode comprising at least one transition metal dichalcogenide; and an electrolyte in contact with the anode and the transition metal dichalcogenide of the cathode, wherein the electrolyte comprises at least 50% by weight of an ionic liquid, is disclosed herein.

A battery having a metal sulfide electrode, and an aluminum containing electrolyte and methods are shown. In one example, the electrolyte includes one or more organic salts. In one example, the metal sulfide includes molybdenum sulfide. In one example, the metal sulfide includes titanium sulfide.

An electrolyte solution for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery including the same are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, an electrolyte solution includes a lithium salt, a nitrogen compound and an organic solvent, wherein the lithium salt comprises bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) and the organic solvent comprises an ether-based solvent. The electrolyte solution can have improved oxidation stability and storage stability at high temperature.

Electrolyte materials for use in electrochemical cells, electrochemical cells comprising the same, and methods of making such materials and cells, are generally described. In some embodiments, the materials, processes, and uses described herein relate to electrochemical cells comprising sulfur and lithium such as, for example, lithium sulfur batteries. The electrolyte can comprise a polymeric material and, in some cases, an absorbed auxiliary material. For example, the electrolyte material can be capable of forming a gel, and the auxiliary material can comprise an electrolyte solvent. In some instances, the electrolyte material can comprise at least one organic (co)polymer selected from polyethersulfones, polyvinylalcohols (PVOH) and branched polyimides (HPI). The non-fluid material in the electrolyte, when configured for use, can, alone or in combination with the optional absorbed auxiliary material, have a yield strength greater than that of lithium metal, in some embodiments.

Provided are a method of fabricating an anode for lithium-sulfur batteries and a lithium-sulfur battery. The method includes: mixing a carbon raw material and a binder; obtaining a carbon layer by preparing the mixture of the carbon raw material and the binder in the form of a layer; drying the carbon layer; forming a carbon thin layer by compressing the dried carbon layer; and stacking the carbon thin layer on an anode for lithium-sulfur batteries.

The present invention relates to an electrode material comprising at least one sulfur-limonene sulfide component or a composite of the sulfur-limonene sulfide component with a first conductive component; electrodes, in particular cathodes, containing the electrode material; half-cells, cells, and batteries containing the electrodes; and processes for obtaining the electrode material, the electrode, the half-cell, the cell, and the battery comprising electrode material and/or electrodes of the present invention.

The present invention relates to an active material suitable for the production of an electrode, in particular an electrode for a Li—S battery. The active material according to the invention comprises carbon nanofillers homogeneously dispersed in the substance of a sulphur material, the active material being obtainable according to a method involving melting in the presence of intense mechanical energy. The quantity of carbon nanofillers in the active material represents 1 to 25% by weight with respect to the total weight of the active material. The active material according to the invention allows an improvement in the electronic conductivity of the formulation of the electrode. Another aspect of the invention is the use of the active material in an electrode, in particular in a Li—S battery cathode.

A cathode for a lithium-sulphur battery, said cathode comprising a particulate mixture deposited on a current collector, said particulate mixture comprising an admixture of (i) composite particles formed from a composite comprising electroactive sulphur material melt-bonded to electroconductive carbon material, and (ii) conductive carbon filler particles, wherein conductive carbon filler particles form 1 to 15 weight % of the total weight of the composite particles and conductive carbon filler particles.

A thermal battery can include: an anode of lithium alloy; a metal-fluoride cathode having Ni; and an electrolyte composition in contact with the anode and cathode. A thermal battery can also include: an anode of lithium alloy; a metal-fluoride cathode having an oxide selected from V.sub.2O.sub.5 or LiVO.sub.3; and an electrolyte composition in contact with the anode and cathode. In one aspect, a metal of the metal fluoride cathode includes Ni, Fe, V, Cr, Mn, Co, or mixture thereof. In one aspect, the metal-fluoride cathode includes NiF.sub.2, FeF.sub.3, VF.sub.3, CrF.sub.3, MnF.sub.3, CoF.sub.3, or a mixture thereof. A method of providing electricity can include: providing an electronic device having a thermal battery with a metal-fluoride cathode having Ni and/or having an oxide selected from V.sub.2O.sub.5 or LiVO.sub.3; and discharging the thermal battery to provide electricity.

The present invention provides an electrochemical cell comprising an anode; an electrolyte having a solubility for sulfur-containing species of less than 15 mM; a cathode comprising greater than 65 wt. % sulfur, wherein the cathode comprises a carbon-sulfur composite material; and wherein the composite material comprises greater than 65 weight % sulfur based on the total weight of the composite material; and wherein the carbon sulfur composite material is formed from an electroconductive carbon material having an average pore volume of 1.5.sup.−3 cm3 g.sup.−1 and an average pore diameter of less than 3 nm.