An electrochemical cell is provided which includes a cathode, an anode, an electrolyte separator, and an anode current collector located on the anode. The anode is a three-dimensional (3D) porous anode including ionically conducting electrolyte strands and pores which extend through the anode from the anode current collector to the electrolyte separator. The anode also includes electronically conducting networks extending on sidewall surfaces of the pores from the anode current collector to the electrolyte separator.

A battery has a cathode, an anode and an electrolyte, with the cathode having a cathode current collector and a cathode material. The cathode material has a cathode active material, which is capable of reversibly intercalating and deintercalating first metal ions. The electrolyte has a solvent capable of dissolving the first metal ions and second metal ions that can be reduced to a metal during a charge cycle and be oxidized from the metal to the dissolved second metal ions during a discharge cycle. The cathode current collector has an electrochemically inert carrier and graphite. The carrier is wrapped by the graphite. The cathode current collector provided has good corrosion resistance and the battery has a long floating charge life and a low cost.

A current collector in which, even in the case of using a copper substrate, an electroconductive layer comprising a thermoplastic resin and an electroconductive material and covering the copper substrate provides the same positive temperature coefficient resistance function as the case of using an aluminum substrate. The current collector may comprise: a copper substrate comprising a copper oxide layer that an average content of an oxygen element present within a thickness of 1.0 μm or less from a surface of the copper substrate, is 10.5 at % or more, and a positive temperature coefficient resistance layer comprising a thermoplastic resin and an electroconductive material and covering the copper oxide layer of the copper substrate.

A current collector in which, even in the case of using a copper substrate, an electroconductive layer comprising a thermoplastic resin and an electroconductive material and covering the copper substrate provides the same positive temperature coefficient resistance function as the case of using an aluminum substrate. The current collector may comprise: a copper substrate comprising a copper oxide layer that an average content of an oxygen element present within a thickness of 1.0 μm or less from a surface of the copper substrate, is 10.5 at % or more, and a positive temperature coefficient resistance layer comprising a thermoplastic resin and an electroconductive material and covering the copper oxide layer of the copper substrate.

Current collector, an electrode structure, a non-aqueous electrolyte battery, and an electrical storage device having superior shut down function are provided. According to the present invention, a current collector having a resin layer on at least one side of a conductive substrate is provided. Here, thermoplastic resin particles substantially free of a conductive agent are dispersed in a thermosetting resin base material containing the conductive agent to structure the resin layer; a value of mass ratio given by (thermoplastic resin particles)/(conductive agent) is 0.3 to 1.5; and a value given by (average thickness of conductive agent)/(average thickness of thermoplastic resin particles) is 0.3 to 4.0.

An electrochemical cell is provided, which includes a cathode comprising a three dimensional (3D) porous cathode structure, an anode, an electrolyte separator, comprised of a ceramic material, located between the cathode and the anode, and a cathode current collector, wherein the cathode is located between the cathode current collector and the electrolyte separator. The 3D porous cathode structure includes ionically conducting electrolyte strands extending through the cathode from the cathode current collector to the electrolyte separator, pores extending through the cathode from the cathode current collector to the electrolyte separator, and an electronically conducting network extending on sidewall surfaces of the pores from the cathode current collector to the electrolyte separator.

A secondary battery includes: a cathode; an anode including an active material; and an electrolytic solution, wherein the active material includes a central section and a covering section provided on a surface of the central section, the central section includes silicon (Si) as a constituent element, the covering section includes carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) as constituent elements, and one or more of positive ions represented by CxHy (x and y satisfy 2≦x≦6 and 3≦y≦9) are detected by positive ion analysis of the covering section with the use of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry.

An electrochemical or electric layer system, having at least two electrode layers and at least one ion-conducting layer disposed between two electrode layers. The ion-conducting layer has at least one ion-conducting solid electrolyte and at least one binder at grain boundaries of the at least one ion-conducting solid electrolyte for improving the ion conductivity over the grain boundaries and the adhesion of the layers.

This method for producing porous sintered aluminum includes: mixing aluminum powder with a sintering aid powder containing titanium to obtain a raw aluminum mixed powder; mixing the raw aluminum mixed powder with a water-soluble resin binder, water, and a plasticizer containing at least one selected from polyhydric alcohols, ethers, and esters to obtain a viscous composition; drying the viscous composition in a state where air bubbles are mixed therein to obtain a formed object prior to sintering; and heating the formed object prior to sintering in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, wherein when a temperature at which the raw aluminum mixed powder starts to melt is expressed as Tm (° C.), a temperature T (° C.) of the heating fulfills Tm−10 (° C.)≤T≤685 (° C.).

This undercoat foil for an energy storage device electrode comprises a collector base plate, and an undercoat layer formed on at least one surface of the collector base plate, the undercoat layer containing carbon nanotubes, and the coating amount per collector base plate surface being 0.1 g/m.sup.2 or less. Since this undercoat foil can be effectively welded by ultrasound, the use thereof allows a low-resistance energy storage device and a simple and effective production method therefor to be provided.