Disclosed is a lead acid battery having a negative electrode plate and a positive electrode plate, each plate formed of a lead-antimony grid coated with an active material. A separator is disposed between the first and second electrode plate faces and an electrolyte solution immersing the negative electrode plate, the positive electrode plate the separator. At least one of the lead-antimony electrode grids, the separator or the electrolyte solution contains TiO.sub.2, an amount sufficient to suppress the migration of antimony from the positive electrode plate to the negative electrode plate.

A grid for an absorbent glass mat lead acid battery is also disclosed. The grid has a frame formed of a top frame element having a current collection lug, a first side frame element, a second side frame element, and a bottom frame element. A plurality of grid wires are arranged in radial configuration within the frame which radial configuration emanates from a radiant point located outside a boundary of the frame. A plurality of horizontal grid wires cross the plurality of grid wires arranged the radial configuration. The grid comprises virgin lead or high purity lead or highly purified secondary lead. An absorbent glass mat lead acid battery is also disclosed.

A device for casting electrode grids for producing lead acid batteries in a continuous casting process. The device includes a casting wheel and a casting shoe which rests on an outer circumference of the casting wheel. Liquid lead exiting the casting shoe flows into a concave mold of the casting wheel surface and is removable as a solidified lead strip. The casting shoe is made up of two or more zones, at least a first hot zone with a temperature above the melting point of lead and a second, thermally separated zone with a temperature below the melting point of lead. Cooling the lead strip from two sides (the wheel side and the shoe side) avoids columnar crystal formation and increases the casting speed to 40 meter per minute and above. Thermal isolation of the lead feeding tube avoids re-flowing of lead to a lead pot, reducing PbO formation.

A lead foil and a bipolar lead acid storage battery capable of preventing breakage of the lead foil due to growth deformation are described. The lead foil is for a current collector in a bipolar lead acid storage battery, in which at least one of a front surface or a back face has a maximum valley depth Rv of 4 m or less in a profile curve acquired, orthogonally to a rolling direction, by surface roughness measurement with a stylus.

A lead foil and a bipolar lead acid storage battery capable of suppressing a voltage drop in the battery due to peeling of the lead foil from a substrate are described. The lead foil is for a current collector in a bipolar lead acid storage battery. A back face of the lead foil opposed to a substrate of the bipolar lead acid storage battery has a contact length of between 150 m and 1800 m, inclusive, in a profile curve acquired, orthogonally to a rolling direction, by surface roughness measurement with a stylus, and with a scanning distance of 4 mm and a measurement interval of 0.5 m, the contact length is a sum total of respective absolute values of differences in height between adjacent measurement points.

A lead-acid battery includes a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and an electrolyte solution. The positive electrode plate includes a positive current collector and a positive electrode material. The negative electrode plate includes a negative current collector and a negative electrode material. The positive current collector contains a lead alloy containing Ca and Sn. The content of Ca in the positive current collector is 0.2% by mass or less, and the content of Sn is 0.5% by mass or more. The negative electrode material contains a first organic expander (excluding a lignin compound) containing at least one selected from the group consisting of a unit of a monocyclic aromatic compound and a unit of a bisphenol S compound.

A lead acid electric storage battery uses conventional lead-acid secondary battery chemistry. The battery may be a sealed battery, an unsealed battery or a conventional multi-cell battery. The battery has a set of positive battery grids (plates) which are constructed with a body portion o stamped f thin titanium metal having a thickness preferably in the range 0.1 mm to 0.9 mm and most preferably 3 mm to 4 mm. The titanium is coated, on all sides, with titanium sub-oxide, a conductive ceramic. Typically the battery would have over 250 grids in a 12 inch long battery case.

A method for manufacturing a substrate for a lead acid battery includes manufacturing a powder mixture by mixing lead powder and carbon powder and manufacturing a substrate by compress-molding the powder mixture. 85 wt % to 95 wt % of the lead powder and 5 wt % to 15 wt % of the carbon powder are mixed, based on 100 wt % of the powder mixture.

Disclosed are electrode plates for a lead acid battery. The electrode plates are formed of an electrode plate having a face, the electrode plate comprising a lead or lead alloy grid coated with an active material and the electrode plates having a porous, non-woven mat comprised of polymer fibers coating on the face of the electrode plate, as well as a method for making the coated electrode plates and lead acid batteries containing the coated electrode plates.

An electrospun coated component for a lead acid battery is disclosed. The electrospun coated component includes positive electrode, negative electrode, and separator. The separator may comprise a low-conducting and/or non-conductive material. A method of electrospun coating these components of a LAB is provided. Suitable compositions and conditions for electrospun coating on to LAB components are further provided in this disclosure.