Performing soft error correction includes receiving a word at a soft correction engine capable of operating in more than one correction mode, identifying soft bit positions within the word, and automatically generating a number of possible results for the received word using combinations of the soft bit positions and more than one correction mode. The soft correction engine may include a Golay engine.

Techniques are described for protecting miscorrection in a codeword. In one example, the techniques include obtaining a first set of data to be encoded using a product code comprising one or more constituent codes, and generating a second set of data by performing a miscorrection avoidance procedure on the first set of data. The miscorrection avoidance procedure decreases a probability of miscorrection at a decoder. The techniques further includes jointly encoding the first and the second set of data using an encoding procedure corresponding to the product code to generate at least one encoded codeword, and storing the encoded codeword in the memory.

Field error correction coding is particularly suitable for applications in non-volatile flash memories. We describe a method for error correction encoding of data to be stored in a memory device, a corresponding method for decoding a codeword matrix resulting from the encoding method, a coding device, and a computer program for performing the methods on the coding device, using a new construction for high-rate generalized concatenated (GC) codes. The codes, which are well suited for error correction in flash memories for high reliability data storage, are constructed from inner nested binary Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes and outer codes, preferably Reed-Solomon (RS) codes. For the inner codes extended BCH codes are used, where only single parity-check codes are applied in the first level of the GC code. This enables high-rate codes.

A method for data transmission includes receiving a first data stream for transmission to a mobile device, segmenting the first data stream to produce a first plurality of data segments and receiving a second data stream, where the second data stream including location information for the mobile device. The method continues by segmenting the second data stream to produce a second plurality of data segments, dividing a data segment of the first plurality of data segments into a first plurality of data blocks and then dividing a data segment of the second plurality of data segments into a second plurality of data blocks, where the data segment of the first plurality of data segments is time aligned with the data segment of the second plurality of data segments. A data matrix is then created from the first and second plurality of data blocks and then based on the data matrix transmitting a first data block from each of the first and second plurality of data blocks to a first relay unit. Finally, based on the data matrix a second data block from each of the first and second plurality of data blocks is transmitted to a second relay unit.

Systems, apparatuses, and methods for generating error correction codes (ECCs) with two check symbols are disclosed. In one embodiment, a system receives a data word of length N2 symbols, wherein N is a positive integer greater than 2, wherein each symbol has m bits, and wherein m is positive integer. The system generates a code word of length N symbols from the data word in accordance with a linear code defined by a parity check matrix. The parity check matrix is generated based on powers of , wherein is equal to raised to the (2.sup.m/41) power, is equal to a raised to the (2.sup.m/2+1) power, and is a primitive element of GF(2.sup.m). In another embodiment, the system receives a (N, N2) code word and decodes the code word by generating a syndrome S from the code word using the parity check matrix.

This disclosure describes the generation and implementation of Golay sequences and Golay Sequence Sets (GSSs) for channel estimation in wireless networks. In one embodiment, this disclosure describes an extension of the Golay sequences Ga and Gb defined in various legacy standards to GSSs. In various embodiments, the disclosed GSSs can include a number of Golay complementary pairs (e.g., Ga and Gb). In one embodiment, the disclosed Golay complementary pairs can meet various predetermined design rules and can be used to define enhanced directional multi-gigabit (EDMG) short training field (STF) and/or channel estimation field (CEF) fields for multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) transmission.

A method begins by a dispersed storage (DS) processing module receiving one or more pairs of coded values and continues with the DS processing module creating a received coded matrix from the one or more pairs of coded values, followed by the generation of a data matrix. When a decode threshold number of pairs of coded values are included in a first plurality of data blocks corresponding to a data stream from the data matrix and the decode threshold number of pairs of coded values are determined to be valid, the decode threshold number of pairs of coded values are decoded. The method continues with the generation of a second data matrix and the data stream is extracted from the second data matrix.

In some examples, a memory device may be configured to provide quad bit error correction circuits. For example, the memory device may be equipped with a two layer error correction circuit. In some cases, the first layer may utilized one or more Hamming coders and the second layer may utilize one or Golay coders. In some examples, the Golay coders may be grouped into sets of Golay coders.

A method and apparatus for improving the reliability of a digital communications system is provided. In accordance with at least one embodiment, power of a transmitted signal is controlled to improve reliability. In accordance with at least one embodiment, timing of a transmitted signal is controlled to improve reliability. In accordance with at least one embodiment, interference is detected. In accordance with at least one embodiment, interference is localized. In accordance with at least one embodiment, combinatorial processing is used to increase reliability. In accordance with at least one embodiment, gradual rekeying is performed. In accordance with at least one embodiment, confirmed stepwise progression rekeying is performed. In accordance with at least one embodiment, transmission detection is provided. In accordance with at least one embodiment, reporting of cryptographic mode utilization is provided.

A modulation system and method for enabling communications across a noisy media environment is configured to employ a dynamically reconfigurable QAM modulation scheme and adjust transmission characteristics in response to information received in order to modify performance of system components.