An extreme ultraviolet light generation system may include a laser system emitting first prepulse laser light, second prepulse laser light, and main pulse laser light in this order; a chamber including at least one window for introducing, into the chamber, the first prepulse laser light, the second prepulse laser light, and the main pulse laser light; a target supply unit supplying a target to a predetermined region in the chamber; and a processor controlling the laser system to irradiate the target with the first prepulse laser light, irradiate the target, having been irradiated with the first prepulse laser light, with the second prepulse laser light having a pulse time width longer than a pulse time width of the main pulse laser light, and irradiate the target, having been irradiated with the second prepulse laser light, with the main pulse laser light temporally separated from the second prepulse laser light.

Provided is a method of making a circuit pattern. The method includes: Step (A): providing a master substrate comprising a first photosensitive layer containing photosensitive particles; Step (B): providing an energy beam to reduce metal ions in a predetermined area of the first photosensitive layer to form multiple first metal particles; Step (C): removing unreduced photosensitive particles by a fixer to obtain a master mask; wherein the first metal particles form a first predetermined pattern in the master mask; Step (D): providing a chip comprising a second photosensitive layer containing second photosensitive particles; Step (E): putting the master mask on the second photosensitive layer and providing an energy beam to reduce metal ions of an uncovered part of the second photosensitive layer to form multiple atomized second metal particles; Step (F): removing unreduced photosensitive particles by a fixer to obtain the circuit pattern having line spacing at picoscopic/nanoscopic scale.

A method of forming a device includes forming a hard mask layer over an underlying layer of a substrate, forming an anti-reflective coating layer over the hard mask layer, forming a patterned resist layer over the anti-reflective coating layer, and forming a mandrel including the anti-reflective coating layer by patterning the anti-reflective coating layer using the patterned resist layer as an etch mask. The method includes forming a sidewall spacer on the mandrel including the anti-reflective coating layer, forming a freestanding spacer on the hard mask layer by removing the mandrel from the anti-reflective coating layer, and using the freestanding spacer as an etch mask, patterning the underlying layer of the substrate.

A semiconductor package may include a first substrate and a second substrate, a redistribution layer (RDL), a first conductive via and a second conductive via. The first substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The second substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The RDL is disposed on the first surface of the first substrate and the first surface of the second substrate. The first conductive via passes through the RDL and is electrically connected to the first substrate. The second conductive via passes through the RDL and is electrically connected to the second substrate.

Water soluble organic-inorganic hybrid masks and mask formulations, and methods of dicing semiconductor wafers are described. In an example, a mask for a wafer singulation process includes a water-soluble matrix based on a solid component and water. A p-block metal compound, an s-block metal compound, or a transition metal compound is dissolved throughout the water-soluble matrix.

A composition for forming a resist underlayer film enables the formation of a desired resist pattern; and a method for forming a resist pattern using this resist underlayer film forming composition. A resist underlayer film forming composition contains an organic solvent and a polymer that has a structure represented by formula (1) or (2) at an end of the polymer chain. (In formula (1) and formula (2), X represents a divalent organic group; A represents an aryl group having 6-40 carbon atoms; R1 represents a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1-40 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1-40 carbon atoms; each of R2 and R3 independently represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1-10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6-40 carbon atoms or a halogen atom; each of n1 and n3 independently represents an integer of 1-12; and n2 represents an integer of 0-11.)

Embodiments of the present disclosure include methods of determining scribing offsets in a hybrid laser scribing and plasma dicing process. In an embodiment, the method comprises forming a mask above a semiconductor wafer. In an embodiment, the semiconductor wafer comprises a plurality of dies separated from each other by streets. In an embodiment, the method further comprises patterning the mask and the semiconductor wafer with a laser scribing process. In an embodiment, the patterning provides openings in the streets. In an embodiment, the method further comprises removing the mask, and measuring scribing offsets of the openings relative to the streets.

A lithography method in semiconductor fabrication is provided. The method includes generating multiple groups of small drops of a target material through a number of nozzles in such a way that small drops in each of the groups are aggregated to an elongated droplet of the target material. The method also includes generating a laser pulse from a laser generator to convert the elongated droplets to plasma which generates an EUV radiation. The method further includes exposing a semiconductor wafer to the EUV radiation.

An extreme ultraviolet light generation system may include a laser system emitting first prepulse laser light, second prepulse laser light, and main pulse laser light in this order; a chamber including at least one window for introducing, into the chamber, the first prepulse laser light, the second prepulse laser light, and the main pulse laser light; a target supply unit supplying a target to a predetermined region in the chamber; and a processor controlling the laser system to irradiate the target with the first prepulse laser light, irradiate the target, having been irradiated with the first prepulse laser light, with the second prepulse laser light having a pulse time width longer than a pulse time width of the main pulse laser light, and irradiate the target, having been irradiated with the second prepulse laser light, with the main pulse laser light temporally separated from the second prepulse laser light.

The present disclosure relates to methods and apparatus for structuring a semiconductor substrate. In one embodiment, a method of substrate structuring includes applying a resist layer to a substrate optionally disposed on a carrier. The resist layer is patterned using ultraviolet radiation or laser ablation. The patterned portions of the resist layer are then transferred onto the substrate by micro-blasting to form desired features in the substrate while unexposed or un-ablated portions of the resist layer shield the rest of the substrate. The substrate is then exposed to an etch process and a de-bonding process to remove the resist layer and release the carrier.