A method includes forming a conductive pad over an interconnect structure of a wafer, forming a capping layer over the conductive pad, forming a dielectric layer covering the capping layer, and etching the dielectric layer to form an opening in the dielectric layer. The capping layer is exposed to the opening. A wet-cleaning process is then performed on the wafer. During the wet-cleaning process, a top surface of the capping layer is exposed to a chemical solution used for performing the wet-cleaning process. The method further includes depositing a conductive diffusion barrier extending into the opening, and depositing a conductive material over the conductive diffusion barrier.

A semiconductor device includes: a conductive structure, a conductive bump extending into the conductive structure and contacting the conductive structure along a first surface, the conductive bump configured to interface with an external semiconductor device at a second surface opposite the first surface, the conductive bump being wider along the first surface than the second surface.

A semiconductor device includes: a conductive structure, a conductive bump extending into the conductive structure and contacting the conductive structure along a first surface, the conductive bump configured to interface with an external semiconductor device at a second surface opposite the first surface, the conductive bump being wider along the first surface than the second surface.

A method of manufacturing semiconductor modules includes providing a metal composite substrate including a metal foil attached to a metal layer, the metal foil being thinner than and comprising a different material than the metal layer, attaching a first surface of a plurality of semiconductor dies to the metal foil prior to structuring the metal foil, and encasing the semiconductor dies attached to the metal foil in an electrically insulating material. The metal layer and the metal foil are structured after the semiconductor dies are encased with the electrically insulating material so that surface regions of the electrically insulating material are devoid of the metal foil and the metal layer. The electrically insulating material is divided along the surface regions devoid of the metal foil and the metal layer to form individual modules.

A method of manufacturing semiconductor modules includes providing a metal composite substrate including a metal foil attached to a metal layer, the metal foil being thinner than and comprising a different material than the metal layer, attaching a first surface of a plurality of semiconductor dies to the metal foil prior to structuring the metal foil, and encasing the semiconductor dies attached to the metal foil in an electrically insulating material. The metal layer and the metal foil are structured after the semiconductor dies are encased with the electrically insulating material so that surface regions of the electrically insulating material are devoid of the metal foil and the metal layer. The electrically insulating material is divided along the surface regions devoid of the metal foil and the metal layer to form individual modules.

A thermal interface material (TIM) and method for manufacture is disclosed. A vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT) array is formed on a substrate, then individual CNTs are cleaved to form a vertical nanoribbon array (VERNA). An array of aligned, upright, flat, highly-compliant ribbon elements permit a higher packing density, better ribbon-to-ribbon engagement factor, better contact with adjoining surfaces and potentially achievement of theoretical thermal conductance limit (1 GW/m2K) for such nanostructured polycyclic carbon materials. Methods for forming the VERNA include either or both of electrochemical and gas phase processing steps.

In an embodiment, a device includes: a bottom integrated circuit die having a first front side and a first back side; a top integrated circuit die having a second front side and a second back side, the second back side being bonded to the first front side, the top integrated circuit die being free from through substrate vias (TSVs); a dielectric layer surrounding the top integrated circuit die, the dielectric layer being disposed on the first front side, the dielectric layer and the bottom integrated circuit die being laterally coterminous; and a through via extending through the dielectric layer, the through via being electrically coupled to the bottom integrated circuit die, surfaces of the through via, the dielectric layer, and the top integrated circuit die being planar.

In an embodiment, a device includes: a bottom integrated circuit die having a first front side and a first back side; a top integrated circuit die having a second front side and a second back side, the second back side being bonded to the first front side, the top integrated circuit die being free from through substrate vias (TSVs); a dielectric layer surrounding the top integrated circuit die, the dielectric layer being disposed on the first front side, the dielectric layer and the bottom integrated circuit die being laterally coterminous; and a through via extending through the dielectric layer, the through via being electrically coupled to the bottom integrated circuit die, surfaces of the through via, the dielectric layer, and the top integrated circuit die being planar.

A thermal interface material (TIM) and method for manufacture is disclosed. A vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT) array is formed on a substrate, then individual CNTs are cleaved to form a vertical nanoribbon array (VERNA). An array of aligned, upright, flat, highly-compliant ribbon elements permit a higher packing density, better ribbon-to-ribbon engagement factor, better contact with adjoining surfaces and potentially achievement of theoretical thermal conductance limit (1 GW/m2K) for such nanostructured polycyclic carbon materials. Methods for forming the VERNA include either or both of electrochemical and gas phase processing steps.

The array substrate according to the present disclosure may include within its fanout region a plurality of signal transmission lines for transmitting signals between a driver chip and a display region of the array substrate, and each signal transmission line may correspond to one data transmission channel. The array substrate may further include at least one impedance balancing line arranged corresponding to a signal transmission line in the plurality of signal transmission lines, wherein the impedance balancing line is electrically connected to the signal transmission line, so that a difference between impedances of different data transmission channels within the fanout region meets a first predetermined condition.