An irrigation system having a reservoir with self-sealing openings is provided. The reservoir may comprise a body having an outer surface and a cavity for storing fluid. The reservoir may also include a plurality of self-sealing openings on the outer surface and configured to move between a first configuration in which the self-sealing openings are closed and a second configuration in which the self-sealing openings are open and permit fluid to release from the cavity to a target zone. The self-sealing openings are in the first configuration when a fluid pressure in the reservoir is at least one of zero pressure or negative pressure and the self-sealing openings are in the second configuration when the fluid pressure in the reservoir is a positive pressure relative to an external pressure.

A clog resistant online vortex emitter assembly and method uses a double-sided circuit and a series of vortex chambers of optimized dimensions to create a pressure drop with large dimensions and good clog resistance. The vortex emitter allows for pressure regulation without moving parts and includes a unitary body having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface and a multi-lumen flow channel providing fluid communication between the first surface and the second surface, wherein said unitary body is a double-sided circuit with a plurality of vortex chambers with lumens aligned in series. The vortex chamber includes an inlet region, a power nozzle, an interaction region and a throat, the inlet region is in fluid communication with the interaction region through the power nozzle. The plurality of vortex chambers includes dimensions to create a pressure drop and be attached to an outer surface of an irrigation tube.

Disclosed is a method for calculating instantaneous sprinkler strength comprising: ensuring that a translational sprinkler (1) maintains a stable operating state, placing b rain barrels (3) at a distance of a metres from the translational sprinkler (1), and moving the translational sprinkler (1) to obtain measurement data; calculating movement time, and the average sprayed water depth received by the rain barrels (3); assuming the distribution form of the amount of water of the translational sprinkler (1), establishing a function relationship between an instantaneous sprinkler strength ht and the movement time t, and calculating a variable in the function relationship; and substituting into the established function relationship a specific numerical value of an instantaneous point in time t of the movement of the translational sprinkler (1), so that the value of ht obtained is a numerical value of the instantaneous sprinkler strength of the translational sprinkler (1). The calculation method has a simple operation, is fast and can obtain a precise calculation result with relatively low experiment costs.

There is provided a smart drip irrigation emitter to provide intelligent features including on-demand watering, sensors and communication links. The emitters can be activated by a wireless signal to power and/or control water delivery from the emitter. The emitter also may include sensors that gather data pertaining to an individual plant. Based on the data received by the sensors, the emitter intelligently determines whether to water the plant. The smart emitter can form a communication network with other smart emitters.

There is provided a smart drip irrigation emitter to provide intelligent features including on-demand watering, sensors and communication links. The emitters can be activated by a wireless signal to power and/or control water delivery from the emitter. The emitter also may include sensors that gather data pertaining to an individual plant. Based on the data received by the sensors, the emitter intelligently determines whether to water the plan. The smart emitter can form a communication network with other smart emitters.

A new all-plastic micro miniaturized spray gun. Inner hole of miniaturized spray gun piston bush includes lower elastic sleeve; upper and lower ends of piston cavity in inlet hole of body include upper and lower thru-hole; upper elastic sleeve disposed above inner hole of piston bush in inlet hole on body between upper and lower thru-hole; upper elastic sleeve abutted against piston bush and fixed in inlet hole of body; diversion groove is disposed on inner walls of inlet hole on body; which is tapered and corresponds to upper elastic sleeve; which includes piston and cover; lower thru-hole of body is normally open; when upper thru-hole of body drives piston to move inwardly through wrench, lower elastic sleeve is stressed subject to pressure change, controlling opening or closure of inlet hole on body, and upper elastic sleeve is deformed subject to pressure change, opening or closing upper thru-hole of body.

Described herein are compositions and methods relating to functionalized sands or soils.

An emitter includes at least one of: an inlet section including inlet members forming first and second openings having different sizes; a pressure reducing section including a first pressure reducing portion having a first pressure reducing configuration and a second pressure reducing portion having a second pressure reducing configuration being different; the pressure reducing section including at least one nonlinear rail portion; a pressure responsive section including at least one nonlinear rail portion; or a base including a first base portion having a first base configuration and a second base portion having a second base configuration being different, wherein at least one of the first base portion or the second base portion is positioned in one or more of the inlet section, the pressure reducing section, or an outlet section.

Some embodiments provide irrigation systems comprising: a central irrigation controller; a radio module; a control module; and a radio adaptor in communication with the control module; where the control module comprises: a processor, a first communication interface, and one or more valve drivers, where the control module is configured to implement irrigation commands in implementing at least a portion of irrigation programming such that the one or more valve drivers are each configured to control a different irrigation valve in accordance with the irrigation programming; and the radio adapter comprises: a second communication interface communicationally coupled with the first communication interface, and a wireless radio frequency transceiver configured to provide wireless communication with the radio module where the radio adapter is configured to relay information between the radio module and the control module.

A system for agricultural irrigation water oxygenation for enriching soil oxygen level comprises a source of compressed oxygen (and not compressed air) coupled to a water line feeding an irrigation system, such as a drip irrigation system. The coupling system may include a pressure sensor for measuring the pressure in the water line, a solenoid safety valve, a control valve, a flow meter and a controller that controls the flow of oxygen from the source of compressed liquid oxygen to the water line using the components of the coupling system, without using a special cavitation valve and using off-the-shelf components while achieving the same benefits as a system incorporating the special cavitation valve.