The disclosure describes trench-confirmable geothermal reservoirs that can snugly abut trench walls (that may be of virgin, compacted earth) for facilitating heat exchange and flow liquid from one lower end to an opposing top end, and vice versa, depending on desired heat exchange. The direction can be reversed for summer and winter heat/cooling configurations. A series of the reservoirs may be used for appropriate heat transfer. The water volume of the reservoirs is relatively large and slow moving for good earth heat conduction.

A portable assembly for cooling the contents of a fermentation vessel is provided. In one embodiment, the assembly comprises an insulated, cylindrical enclosure having a fixed bottom and a removable lid. A flexible heat exchanger is cylindrically disposed within the enclosure and encircles the fermentation vessel. In one embodiment, the flexible heat exchanger is connected to a vessel containing thermally conductive fluid by flexible tubes that extend outside the enclosure. In one embodiment, a heating element is used to heat the fermentation vessel.

Methods and apparatus for processing flexible graphite sheet material involve patterning the material, on at least one major surface, prior to further processing of the material such as densification, lamination, folding or shaping into three-dimensional structures. For densification and lamination, the patterning is selected to facilitate the removal of air from the flexible graphite sheet material during the densification and lamination process. For folding or shaping, the patterning is selected to render the graphite sheet material more flexible. In some embodiments, methods for increasing the through-plane conductivity of flexible graphite sheet material are employed. Integrated heat removal devices include sheets of graphite material that have been selectively patterned in different regions to impart desirable localized properties to the material prior to it being shaped or formed into an integrated heat removal device. Coatings and/or resin impregnation can also be used to impart desirable properties to the material or device.

Heat transfer devices and methods for making the same that include a first enclosure having at least one inlet port; a second enclosure having a bottom plate and one or more dividing walls to establish channels, at least one internal surface of each channel having rib structures to create turbulence in a fluid flow; and a jet plate connecting the first enclosure and the second enclosure having impinging jets that convey fluid from the first enclosure to the channels, said impinging jets being set at an angular deviation from normal to cause local acceleration of fluid and to increase a local heat transfer rate.

Modular air cooled condenser apparatus and related methods are disclosed. An example mechanical draft modular air cooled condenser includes a succession of a first condenser bundle panel, a second condenser bundle panel, a third condenser bundle panel, and a fourth condenser bundle panel. The example condenser also includes a first, second, third, and fourth condensate headers connected to respective ones of the first, second, third, and fourth condenser bundle panels. The example condenser also includes a fan positioned to create a draft to flow over the first, second, third, and fourth condenser bundle panels.

Embodiments provide a helical layer structure including: a helical core member which is formed of a flexible, lengthy, flat plate-like core member and which is formed of a steel plate made of a metal material, such as iron; and a polymeric coating layer which is formed of a polymeric material such as a thermosetting elastic material or a thermoplastic elastic material, and which coats the helical core member. The manufacturing method of the helical layer structure includes: a feeding step of feeding a core member having flexibility; a supply step of supplying the polymeric material having fluidity; a coating step of coating the core member with the polymeric material; a cooling step of cooling a coated intermediate which is coated with the polymeric material; and a helix formation step of helically twisting the coated intermediate to form the helical layer structure.

A heat exchanger having at least one inner conduit comprising of a second tubular member coaxially disposed within a first tubular member, wherein the second tubular member outer surface is in contact with the first tubular member inner surface. Each of the first and second tubular members is composed of a material with an approximately 0.015 inch maximum wall thickness.

The present invention provides manufacturing method of a heat exchanger that, even if the position of a tube opening portion of a tube of a heat exchanger for which tube expansion is conducted, varies depending on the type of a heat exchanger, a mechanism adjusting the stop position of a flare plate as well as any complicated adjusting work therefor are not necessary and a heat exchanger in which flares in the same shape and in constant certain depth are formed at an opening portion of a tube of various kinds of heat exchangers having different total lengths in the longitudinal direction, and a device for a heat exchanger manufacturing method, and an air conditioner and/or outdoor unit thereof equipped with a heat exchanger manufactured using said manufacturing method.

The present invention provides manufacturing method of a heat exchanger that, even if the position of a tube opening portion of a tube of a heat exchanger for which tube expansion is conducted, varies depending on the type of a heat exchanger, a mechanism adjusting the stop position of a flare plate as well as any complicated adjusting work therefor are not necessary and a heat exchanger in which flares in the same shape and in constant certain depth are formed at an opening portion of a tube of various kinds of heat exchangers having different total lengths in the longitudinal direction, and a device for a heat exchanger manufacturing method, and an air conditioner and/or outdoor unit thereof equipped with a heat exchanger manufactured using said manufacturing method.

Modular air cooled condenser apparatus and related methods are disclosed. An example mechanical draft modular air cooled condenser disclosed herein includes an example condenser module that includes a plenum and a first condenser bundle having a first set of tubes having first ends and second ends and a first condensate header connected to the second ends of the tubes. The example condenser module also includes a second condenser bundle having a second set of tubes having third ends and fourth ends and a second condensate header connected to the fourth ends of the second set of tubes. In addition, the condenser module includes a third condenser bundle having a third set of tubes having fifth ends and sixth ends and a third condensate header connected to the sixth ends of the third set of tubes. The condenser module also includes a fourth condenser bundle having a fourth set of tubes having seventh ends and eighth ends and a fourth condensate header connected to the eighth ends of the fourth set of tubes. The condenser module further includes a shroud that houses a single fan, the single fan positioned to create a draft to flow over the first condenser bundle, over the second condenser bundle, over the third condenser bundle, and over the fourth condenser bundle. In addition, the condenser module includer a support frame that supports the first, second, third, and fourth condenser bundles.