Methods and apparatus for processing flexible graphite sheet material involve patterning the material, on at least one major surface, prior to further processing of the material such as densification, lamination, folding or shaping into three-dimensional structures. For densification and lamination, the patterning is selected to facilitate the removal of air from the flexible graphite sheet material during the densification and lamination process. For folding or shaping, the patterning is selected to render the graphite sheet material more flexible. In some embodiments, methods for increasing the through-plane conductivity of flexible graphite sheet material are employed. Integrated heat removal devices include sheets of graphite material that have been selectively patterned in different regions to impart desirable localized properties to the material prior to it being shaped or formed into an integrated heat removal device. Coatings and/or resin impregnation can also be used to impart desirable properties to the material or device.

A reliable, leak-tolerant liquid cooling system with a backup air-cooling system for computers is provided. The system may use a vacuum pump and a liquid pump and/or an air compressor in combination to provide negative fluid pressure so that liquid does not leak out of the system near electrical components. Alternatively, the system can use a single vacuum pump and a valve assembly to circulate coolant. The system distributes flow and pressure with a series of pressure regulating valves so that an array of computers can be serviced by a single cooling system. A connector system is provided to automatically evacuate the liquid from the heat exchangers before they are disconnected. Leak detection and mitigation structures are also disclosed. Various turbulators are also provided, as well as a system and method for optimizing the heat transfer characteristics of a heat exchanger to minimize total energy requirements.

An end-piece for a plate heat exchanger comprises a frame part having an inner portion, an outer portion and an intermediate portion arranged between the inner and outer portions. An outer wall surface of the inner portion faces a first surface of a package of heat transfer plates comprised in the plate heat exchanger. The first surface has a center portion and a peripheral portion encircling the center portion. The frame part is extruded and the intermediate portion of the frame part comprises a first number of cavities extending in an extrusion direction of the frame part. The extrusion direction is parallel to an axis of the frame part. Further, outer dimensions of the outer wall surface of the inner portion are at least as large as outer dimensions of the center portion of the first surface of the package of heat transfer plates.

A method of custom manufacturing a flame arrestor includes providing a housing having an interior surface and an exterior surface where the exterior surface of the housing is shaped to fit within a fluid passageway. The method includes forming, using an additive manufacturing technique, a three-dimensional lattice structure by depositing a first material onto the interior surface of the housing in a predetermined pattern. The lattice structure includes a plurality of connected lattice members forming channels extending from a first end to a second end of the three-dimensional lattice structure. An element of a second material is provided adjacent to the three-dimensional lattice structure. The second material is different than the first material and the element is configured to draw heat away from fluid flowing through the plurality of channels.

A member may include a flexible material with thickness significantly smaller than that of other dimensions of the flexible material and at least one localized structure patterned within the flexible material, the at least one localized structure having a negative Poisson's ratio, such that when the member is mechanically coupled to a second structure using mechanical stress, the member conforms to features of the second structure.

A working fluid cassette for an intravascular heat exchange catheter includes a frame holding two closely spaced, square polymeric membranes in tension. Working fluid from the catheter is directed between the membranes. The cassette is closely received between two refrigerant cold plates to exchange heat with the working fluid, which is circulated back to the catheter.

There is herein described energy storage systems. More particularly, there is herein described thermal energy storage systems and use of energy storable material such as phase change material in the provision of heating and/or cooling systems in, for example, domestic dwellings.

A method of making a heat exchanger with a net shape moldable highly thermally conductive polymer composite includes mixing a polymer and a thermally conductive filler material and molding the polymer composite into heat exchanger components. The heat exchanger can be tailored to varying heating and cooling needs with moldable geometries.

A method for forming a heat exchanger plate includes: securing a wave form metallic sheet to a heat exchanger plate substrate, the substrate comprising a first face and a second face opposite the first face, the securing of the wave form metallic sheet being to the first face; and removing peaks of the sheet.

A method for forming heatsink tube includes cutting a base sheet plate into a first molded frame and a second molded frame, applying a flux on an inner face of the first molded frame and the second molded frame, mounting the first molded frame on a heatsink fin module, and mounting the second molded frame on the first molded frame, to assemble the first molded frame, the heatsink fin module, and the second molded frame, and to form a heatsink tube. The first molded frame has a first end faceplate and two first connecting portions. The second molded frame has a second end faceplate and two second connecting portions. Each of the two first connecting portions is formed with a first abutting section, and each of the two second connecting portions is formed with a second abutting section.