Apparatus for a steam generator that employs tube support plates within a shroud that is in turn disposed within a shell. The tube support plates are made of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion lower than that of the shroud. The tube support plates are aligned during fabrication, with minimal clearances between components. Using a tube support displacement system, a controlled misalignment is then imposed on one or more tube support plates, as the steam generator heats up. The tube support plate displacement system has only one part, a push rod, which is internal to the steam generator shroud, thereby minimizing the potential of loose parts. The tube support plate displacement system can be used to provide controlled misalignments on one or more tube support plates, in the same or varying amounts and directions, and with one or more apparatus for each individual tube support plate.

There is herein described energy storage systems. More particularly, there is herein described thermal energy storage systems and use of energy storable material such as phase change material in the provision of heating and/or cooling systems in, for example, domestic dwellings.

Provided are a housing assembly and a water heater. The housing assembly includes a bottom plate assembly and an outer housing. The outer housing is provided with a hooking fitting portion, the bottom plate assembly includes: a base and a supporting portion, a crimping space for positioning the outer housing is formed between at least portion of the supporting portion and the base. The hooking fitting portion is hooked with the crimping space.

The present invention discloses a method for preparing an evaporator for reducing water condensing capacity and an evaporator. The preparation method comprises steps of: step A: selecting fins; step B: stacking; step C: arranging tubes; and, step D: expanding tubes. In accordance with the present invention, the existing fins and devices can be used to produce an evaporator in which the distance between two adjacent fins satisfies the requirements of the freezing operation, ensuring the normal operation of an air conditioner when the refrigeration temperature is below 0° C.

A reliable, leak-tolerant liquid cooling system with a backup air-cooling system for computers is provided. The system may use a vacuum pump and a liquid pump and/or an air compressor in combination to provide negative fluid pressure so that liquid does not leak out of the system near electrical components. Alternatively, the system can use a single vacuum pump and a valve assembly to circulate coolant. The system distributes flow and pressure with a series of pressure regulating valves so that an array of computers can be serviced by a single cooling system. The system provides both air and liquid cooling so that if the liquid cooling system does not provide adequate cooling, the air cooling system will be automatically activated. The heat may be removed from the building efficiently with a cooling tower. A connector system is provided to automatically evacuate the liquid from the heat exchangers before they are disconnected. Various turbulators are also provided, as well as a system and method for optimizing the heat transfer characteristics of a heat exchanger to minimize total energy requirements.

A method for producing a heat exchanger is disclosed. The method includes a) providing two heat exchanger plates of the heat exchanger that are to be joined to one another; b) wetting at least one common local joining zone of the two heat exchanger plates with solder; c) forming the heat exchanger by brazing the two heat exchanger plates via local heating of the at least one common joining zone.

The present disclosure relates to atomizers for an aerosol delivery device such as a smoking article. The atomizer may include a liquid transport element and a wire extending along at least a portion of a longitudinal length thereof. The wire may define contact portions configured to engage heater terminals and a heating portion configured to produce heat. The heating portion may include a variable coil spacing. In other atomizers, the wire may extend at least partially through the liquid transport element proximate the contact portions. Related inputs, cartridges, aerosol production assemblies, and methods of forming atomizers are also provided.

A method for forming heatsink tube includes cutting a base sheet plate into a first molded frame and a second molded frame, applying a flux on an inner face of the first molded frame and the second molded frame, mounting the first molded frame on a heatsink fin module, and mounting the second molded frame on the first molded frame, to assemble the first molded frame, the heatsink fin module, and the second molded frame, and to form a heatsink tube. The first molded frame has a first end faceplate and two first connecting portions. The second molded frame has a second end faceplate and two second connecting portions. Each of the two first connecting portions is formed with a first abutting section, and each of the two second connecting portions is formed with a second abutting section.

A method of making an end-piece for a plate heat exchanger, wherein the end-piece includes a frame part having inner and outer portions, and an intermediate portion arranged between the inner and outer portions, with the outer wall surface of the inner portion being arranged to face a first surface of a package of heat transfer plates comprising the plate heat exchanger, and the first surface having a center portion and a peripheral portion encircling the center portion. The method includes extruding the frame part with plural cavities in the intermediate portion of the frame part that extend in the extrusion direction of the frame part and that are parallel to the frame part axis, with outer dimensions of the outer wall surface of the inner portion configured to be at least as large as outer dimensions of the center portion of the first surface heat transfer plate package.

The disclosure describes trench-confirmable geothermal reservoirs that can snugly abut trench walls (that may be of virgin, compacted earth) for facilitating heat exchange and flow liquid from one lower end to an opposing top end, and vice versa, depending on desired heat exchange. The direction can be reversed for summer and winter heat/cooling configurations. A series of the reservoirs may be used for appropriate heat transfer. The water volume of the reservoirs is relatively large and slow moving for good earth heat conduction.