A method for milling a planar surface, during which a milling cutter, an axis of rotation of which is perpendicular to a surface to be machined, is moved in a direction parallel to the plane of the surface, to machine the surface in a single machining operation, over a predetermined layer of material, using a single milling head, and the milling cutter, in a same axial position relative to the surface to be machined, simultaneously carries out rough working, at least one intermediate finishing operation, and a finishing operation over a same layer of material.

A cutting insert, a cutting tool and method of manufacturing a machined product. The cutting insert includes: upper and lower surfaces; a side surface; a cutting edge; and a rake portion on the upper surface. The cutting edge includes major and minor cutting edges that are convex toward outside of the main body portion. The minor cutting edge has a curvature radius smaller than a curvature radius of the major cutting edge. The rake portion is inclined and approaches the lower surface as moving from the major cutting edge toward inside of the main body portion and is located along the major cutting edge. An inclination angle of the rake portion becomes smaller as moving from a part continuous with one end of the major cutting edge toward a part continuous with center of the major cutting edge.

A cutting element for use in a cutting operation, comprising a cutting edge (CE) capable of cutting out material from a workpiece during the operation, to form therein a workpiece corner of angle alpha. There exists at least one view of the cutting edge in which a portion of the cutting edge is delimitable by a first (L1) and a second (L2) line oriented tangentially to the portion of the cutting edge portion at respective tangency points A and B. The lines form therebetween a cutting angle corresponding to the workpiece corner angle alpha and have a vertex 0. For a bisector of the cutting angle intersecting the portion of the cutting edge at the point C, the projection C of the point C of the portion of the cutting edge on a line OL passing through the vertex 0 perpendicularly to the plane of the one view is located between projections A1 and B of the respective points A and B of the portion of the cutting edge on the line OL.

A method of machining a workpiece may include continuously rotating the workpiece, continuously rotating a tool having at least one cutting surface, and positioning the tool relative to the workpiece so that the at least one cutting surface engages the workpiece at a first discrete location at a periphery of the workpiece. The method may further include continuing to rotate the workpiece and the tool so that the at least one cutting surface engages a second discrete location at the periphery of the workpiece, and controlling a tool surface velocity VT relative to the workpiece surface velocity VW so that the first and second discrete locations are discontinuous. The tool may make multiple iterative passes over the workpiece to engage subsequent discrete locations, wherein the first discrete location, second discrete location, and multiple subsequent discrete locations may form a machined surface that extends continuously around the workpiece.

Nonmetallic tools such as rotary bits, circular blades, and scything tools are described that may be suitable for removing cured flexibilized epoxy gap-filler materials from gaps between soft composite materials. The nonmetallic tools may be formed from various plastic or composite materials that are sufficiently hard to cut through the gap-filler material while being sufficiently soft to avoid damaging adjacent areas of soft composite materials. Methods for using the nonmetallic tools may include attaching the nonmetallic tools to a suitable machine-driven tool and contacting the nonmetallic tools to a material to be cut, shaped, or drilled.

A hard and wear resistant coating for a body includes at least one metal based nitride layer having improved high temperature performance. The layer is (Zr1-x-zSixMez)Ny with 0<x<0.30, 0.90<y<1.20, 0z<0.25, and Me is one or more of the elements Y, Ti, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W and Al, comprised of a single cubic phase, a single hexagonal phase or a mixture thereof, with a cubic phase of a sodium chloride structure and a thickness between 0.5 m and 15 m. The layer is deposited using cathodic arc evaporation and is useful for metal cutting applications generating high temperatures.

In the method for producing medical, in particular dental fitting bodies with a specified or custom three-dimensionally curved outer contour or preform of the fitting body with a rough outer contour, which has an allowance relative to the outer contour, a workpiece from which the fitting body or its preform is produced, is machined in a material-removing manner by means of a tool engaging in the workpiece The tool path has directional components transverse to the run of the contour to be produced and the cutting edges have a defined geometry. The tool engages into the workpiece at a cutting arc angle alpha of the circumferential surface of less than 90 on average and at an insertion depth of at least twice the tool diameter (D) and the machining of the workpiece occurs along a tool path with directional components contrary to a machining direction following the outer contour.

A tool (T) is provided with: a shaft-like tool body (11) having a first end portion (11a) extending along a central axis line (Ot) and attached to a main shaft, and a second end portion (11b) on an opposite side to the first end portion (11a); and a fore end portion (12) connected to the second end portion (11b) of the shaft-like tool body (11). The fore-end portion (12) includes a central portion (13) including a fore-end face (17) of the tool (T), and a plurality of blade portions (14) protruding radially outward from the central portion (13). A cutting blade of each blade portion (14) includes a main cutting blade (15) adjacent to the fore-end face (17). The main cutting blade (15) includes an outline that forms an angle of 30-150 degrees with respect to the central axis line (Ot) in a cross-sectional view including the central axis line (Ot).

The present invention is to eliminate formation of a shape that induces reduction of fatigue strength, without forming a step part, in a shape portion formed by machining. This processing apparatus includes end mills having bottom blades formed in a curved convex shape, and arcuately formed radial blades provided in corner areas; a drive section for driving the end mills; and a control unit for controlling the drive unit. The control unit includes a planar-shape-formation unit that controls the drive unit so as to form, in a workpiece, only a planar-shape portion adjacent to a fillet shape portion in such a manner that a portion of the shape to be processed corresponding to the fillet shape portion is left unprocessed; and a fillet formation unit that controls the drive unit so as to form the fillet shape portion in the workpiece in a single pass using the radial blades.